Indian Courts to Introduce Robo Judges to Deliver Verdicts in Minor Crimes; AI Training for Law underway

The Indian government is implementing AI (artificial intelligence) in the courts to support judges and speed up routine cases like minor crimes, traffic offences, and land disputes, without replacing human decision-making.

AI in Indian Courts: What’s Changing

The biggest hurdle to Indian courts is that, as of July 2025, the number of pending cases is 5.29 crore, and just under 4.65 crore in district courts alone. To address this, AI-driven robo-judges are being used to perform data-intensive jobs. These software applications can quickly crunch case information, compare previous verdicts, summarise documents, make predictions, and aid in sorting out information, allowing judges to concentrate on the essential areas of law.

Human Judges are in Control.

AI will not replace judges. Instead, it is an intelligent assistant that simplifies paperwork and legal research. However, all final decisions remain in the hands of human judges. The unofficial norms, such as the new rules established by the Kerala High Court, clarify that AI is a helpful tool that cannot independently make or comprehend legal decisions.

How is Training Being Done?

Specialised training is also underway to help district and sessions court judges use AI tools effectively; more than 3,000 courtrooms in 8 states already participate in training. Some judges have travelled to Singapore to attend advanced courses, having studied in other countries such as Estonia and China, where AI in the courts has already been successfully introduced. Programmes are run with help from the Indian Institute of Public Administration (IIPA), which focuses on teaching ethical AI use and international best practices..  

Effects and Value

Already, AI applications are proving to reduce pending cases by 15-20% and accelerate case processing by approximately 30% in cities such as Bengaluru, Delhi, and Mumbai.

Tools such as SUPACE (Supreme Court Portal Assistance in Court Efficiency) and e-Courts Project Phase III allow legal research to be conducted more quickly, translated into regional languages and facilitate case management. 

Ethical and Legal Protection.

Strict laws make sure AI is utilised closely with transparency, fairness, confidentiality and human supervision as the core focus, and build upon that, the court must document every application of AI, and judges must never accept AI suggestions without verifying them first, minimising the possibilities of bias or error.

Indian and Global

The first AI-guided robo judges were introduced by Estonia in 2019, in minor claims, and China subsequently scaled the technology to millions of cases. India is proceeding slowly, observing how global experiments are progressing and customising the best practices to meet local requirements.

The future of the Indian legal system under AI looks brighter, particularly considering the number of cases that need to be resolved. Nonetheless, its purpose will stay purely supportive, and the justice will be not only quick but also person-oriented, providing hope to students, professionals, and netizens who want to receive just and prompt legal results.