The wait remains for thousands of Telangana students for TS Inter Supplementary Results 2025 for 1st year and 2nd year to be announced shortly by the Telangana State Board of Intermediate Education (TSBIE). Once announced, students can see their results online from the official portal – tgbie.cgg.gov.in.

Though the board has not given the official announcement regarding the date of the result, TS IPE 2025 supplementary exam appearing candidates have to remain vigilant for results this week. The exams provide the students with a vital second opportunity to clear papers and proceed with studies without wasting time.

The TS Intermediate Public Exams 2025 were conducted from March 5 to March 25, and the main result was declared on April 22. Additional exams were conducted later for those who could not clear one or two subjects.

After the results have been announced, follow these steps to check them:

• Go to the official website: tgbie.cgg.gov.in
• Click on the link for "TS Inter 1st/2nd Year Supplementary Results 2025"
• Enter your hall ticket number and other details
• Click submit to see and download your result

Pass Percentage Snapshot of TS IPE 2025 (Main Exams)

• 1st Year Pass Percentage: 65.96%
• 2nd Year Pass Percentage: 65.65%
• Overall Pass Percentage: 65.81%

Top Performing General Stream District (1st Year): Komaram Bheem Asifabad (70.52%)

Top Performing Vocational Stream District (1st Year): Medchal (77.21%)

Top Performer in 2nd Year (Vocational Stream): Mulugu (81.06%)

2,93,852 vocational stream and 28,339 general stream students passed the exam for 1st year, and 2,85,435 general and 28,713 vocational stream students passed the exam for 2nd year.

The government of Uttar Pradesh has officially given a 20% horizontal reservation for ex-Agniveers within the state police and fire departments. In a government order issued on June 6, the move reflects the state's intent for reintegration of the Agniveers into life in civil society after serving for four years under the Agnipath scheme.

This was decided during a cabinet meeting presided over by Chief Minister Yogi Adityanath. UP Finance Minister Suresh Kumar Khanna, while speaking to the media, stated, "This is to give worthwhile civilian employment to those who are serving in the armed forces under the Agnipath scheme. It is not a job offer—it's a recognition of their discipline, commitment, and ability to serve."

Important Points of the Ex-Agniveer Reservation Policy in UP:

20% horizontal reservation of ex-Agniveers in filling posts such as Police Constable, PAC Constable, Mounted Police, and Fireman.

The reservation would be applied across all social classes—General, SC, ST, and OBC. For instance, if an ex-Agniveer belongs to the OBC class, the reservation shall be provided within OBC quotas.

Relaxation of 3 years of age for ex-Agniveers under this scheme. The first batch of likely recruits is likely to apply in 2026, after four years of service in the armed forces.

The decision comes on the heels of other states like Haryana and Odisha that had offered 10% reservation to retired Agniveers. Uttar Pradesh, however, beats them all with a more generous 20% quota for the specific skill set and rigour these young warriors bring.

This programme supports the intent of the Agnipath defence recruitment programme launched by the Centre in 2022. The idea was to form a young, agile defence force and also make Agniveers job-sufficient for the public and private spheres in he later part of their lives.

Uttar Pradesh not only enhances post-service opportunities for Agniveers but also enhances internal security and emergency response preparedness with a highly skilled workforce.

In a welcome step to kindle an appetite for reading among children, the Tamil Nadu School Education Department has launched a holistic reading programme for students in Classes 1 to 8 in government schools. The program seeks to move beyond textbooks and ignite curiosity through narratives, theme weeks in reading, and interactive library sessions.

The plan, made official by a recent government directive, is aimed at simplifying reading non-academic books by incorporating them into the school schedule. A carefully planned schedule will help teachers orient students to a variety of topics each week—animals and the environment, science, sports, and online literacy. The aim is to expose young minds to a universe of ideas, foster critical thinking, and enhance language.

It's not about giving books to children—it's about bringing stories to life. Schools will now conduct storytelling sessions, group discussions, and even speeches according to the books read by the students. The focus lies in interaction, imagination, and participation—making reading a group activity instead of an individual one.

This new initiative is a next step from last year's Vasippu Iyakkam program, in which all government school classrooms were filled with more than 120 Tamil books for different reading levels. Education officials indicate that the new program is an extension of that, providing teachers with more direction and students with a more guided reading experience.

The State Council of Educational Research and Training (SCERT) has been responsible for creating reading material according to the age group for every weekly theme, while the Integrated Education Department will facilitate its implementation.

SEO words such as Tamil Nadu reading plan, government school libraries, reading that is not academic, and Vasippu Iyakkam now indicate a welcome change in the state's education agenda. This is not policy in a vacuum—it's a cultural shift in the classroom.

At its heart, the programme aims to create the habit of reading for life and empower students from all backgrounds. By promoting imagination and understanding outside the syllabus, Tamil Nadu is building confident, educated, and eloquent future citizens. With libraries becoming dynamic learning hubs, this reading revolution is on the verge of turning the page for lakhs of school-going children in the state.

The wait of thousands of aspiring engineers and doctors of Karnataka is finally over—COMEDK UGET 2025 rank cards are out today, June 8, and are downloadable from 2 PM onwards on the official website: comedk.org.

COMEDK UGET 2025 results have been announced officially, and it has come as a relief to thousands of students in Karnataka who dream of getting admitted into engineering, medicine, and dental colleges. Applicants now get to download their rank cards from 2 PM onwards on June 8 by logging on to the official website, comedk.org. This year, the entrance exam was held on May 10, and a re-test on May 25 for those students whose power supply was disrupted by Operation Sindoor. The test, including Physics, Chemistry, and Mathematics, is the door-opener to more than 150 state private institutions.

To download the rank card, the candidates need to log on to the website using their User ID and Password, download and print the document for future reference. The test is conducted on a no-negative marking scheme where one mark for every correct response is given. On the occurrence of a tie, the total number of wrong responses will be taken into consideration to derive the final ranking.

Looking forward, the counselling procedure starts on June 9 at 4 PM, and will be open until June 18 at 2 PM. All shortlisted candidates have to register and upload required documents within this time frame. The whole process of admission will happen through a Single Window Centralised Counselling System, so that it is transparent and efficient. The schedule for seat allotment and document verification in detail will be released soon on the official website. Students are required to keep checking their emails and the COMEDK portal for new information on further admission process.

June 2025 Term-End Examination (TEE) admit cards have finally come out on the official portal at last! In case you're gearing up for your degree under Open and Distance Learning (ODL) mode or online course of IGNOU, then you can download your admission ticket from the official portal ignou.samarth.edu.in of IGNOU Samarth portal.

For most students, double-classed teachers with two things to deliver, and parents, IGNOU is a lifeline to survive on toward intellectual aspirations greater than an institution. And when the TEE admit card is announced, the process is at the next milestone stage.

How to download Your IGNOU June 2025 TEE Admit Card:

Visit ignou.samarth.edu.in

Login using your 10-digit enrollment number and password

Visit the "Examination" tab and then select "Hall Admit Card"

Click. "View" to download or print your admit card

Your admit card will include:

Registration number and name

Address and exam centre code

Subject/course codes

Exam date and session that is scheduled

Earlier announced on 2nd June, IGNOU June 2025 TEE will be conducted between June 12 and July 19, 2025, in order to give additional time for preparation and logistics management in a better way. Morning Session would be from: 10:00 AM – 1:00 PM while Evening Session from: 2:00 PM – 5:00 PM

IGNOU requests all the students to go through their centre details and schedule a visit in advance so that there will be no confusion at the last minute. This is your time — keep calm, keep confident, and work to the best of your capacity.

In a step ready to transform educational and sports landscapes, Nagaland Chief Minister Neiphiu Rio has rolled out a string of game-changing projects. Nine new Lighthouse School Complexes (LSCs) and six sports infrastructure were inaugurated by him on Wednesday, a quantum leap in developmental activities. The projects are part of the World Bank-funded Nagaland Education Project - The Lighthouse (NECTAR).

The LSCs will be built in nine districts, namely Chumoukedima, Phek, Kiphire, and Dimapur, as academic abodes for disadvantaged communities. The overall plan for all 16 institutions has an approximate cost of Rs 198.57 crore.

At the event, Rio complimented the Department of School Education and the NECTAR team for their efforts to elevate the educational scene in Nagaland. He had this to say, "These initiatives prepare our students to compete on wider platforms." Acknowledgements were given to the Union Ministry of Education and funding partners for their cooperation.

At the same time, Rio launched six new sports and recreational facilities, including a wrestling complex in Dimapur and a mini stadium in Wokha.

These are in line with government initiatives to encourage sports and groom local talent. Rio communicated through social media, "These facilities will nurture local talents and provide avenues for physical development."

Financing comes from central programs, such as the North Eastern Council and the Scheme for Special Assistance to States for Capital Investment. The programs are intended to revive local communities through the delivery of much-needed educational and sporting infrastructure.

The developments position Nagaland on a trajectory to strengthen both educational systems and sports facilities, consistent with larger efforts toward improving living conditions and prospects for its inhabitants.

Dreaming to work in the field of forensic science? Real life cases are one of the best places to learn. The recent defamation case against the former Delhi Chief Minister Arvind Kejriwal is a good example of how forensic laboratories and professionals are an important part of the Indian judicial process, and what can happen when things do not work out as anticipated.

Need of Forensic Science in Kejriwal Defacement Case

A complaint was filed in 2019 claiming that Arvind Kejriwal and other political leaders had misused government money and erected hoardings and banners in Dwarka area of Delhi. This is according to the Delhi Prevention of Defacement of Property Act, 2007 that fines and even jails a person who defaces public property.

The court ordered the police to conduct an investigation and most importantly, to analyze a CD given as evidence. This CD was said to be having photographic evidence of the said defacement. The experts in the Forensic Science Laboratory (FSL) were asked to examine the CD to confirm the authenticity and the contents of the CD, as it is normally done in the cases involving digital evidence.

The Importance of Prompt Forensic Reports

The FSL did not present its report within the stipulated time at court even after service of notice despite clear court direction. The court treated this delay seriously and ordered the FSL Director to personally appear before it and offer an explanation on the non-compliance. Such an unusual step shows the importance given to forensic reports in legal matters, particularly where the case revolves around digital or physical evidence.

The court scheduled the appearance date of FSL Director to be June 28, and it highlighted the seriousness of this delay and how it would affect the course of the case. The action shows that the Indian judicial system demands accountability and prompt adherence to obligations by forensic institutions, and also acts as a practical lesson to all aspiring forensic scientists regarding the legal implications and obligations of their trade. 

Importance of Forensic Labs in Crime Investigation

Today forensic labs are very important in crime solving. These labs are tasked with the analysis of all types of evidence, in the event that there is a case; this may be digital data such as CDs and pen drives, or it may be physical data such as fingerprints, tool marks and even DNA samples. They are supposed to examine all things scientifically and hence the outcome they give in the court is not biased but is reliable.

Among the most valuable tasks that forensic labs perform, the assurance that all evidence is stored and handled appropriately should be mentioned. This is referred to as the sustainability of the chain of custody. This implies that the evidence is monitored throughout the process, and therefore, no person can query its integrity once it is produced in the courtroom. Another thing that forensic scientists frequently must do is to interpret their results to judges and juries, simplifying complex science so that everybody comprehends the implications of the evidence.

Main  Forensic Techniques Used in Such Cases

• Digital Forensics: Examining CDs, hard drives, and other gadgets to find out if any tampering is done, whether it is authenticity, and for the content.
• Microscopy and Imaging: This is used to analyze any physical marks or alterations done in the evidence piece. 
• Documentation: this is done to maintain detailed records and chain of custody for every piece of evidence

Lessons for Aspiring Forensic Science Students

Well, first of all, time is everything! Any delay in forensic reporting may literally cause stalling or even compromising of legal proceedings. Courts are depending on you to provide timely and accurate reports and it is therefore very important that you manage your time properly. The next lesson learned is the need to be careful about details - all the stages of the process, beginning with evidence gathering to its analysis must be thorough and properly documented. 

Being a forensic professional, you do not simply work in a laboratory; you work within the legal system, and this fact means that you are responsible about your work. And honestly, it is a lot of responsibility! It is a grim reminder of the fact that the Director of FSL was personally summoned due to lack of compliance in the case. Lastly, forensics science is completely interdisciplinary because  you use digital forensics, chemistry, biology, and law simultaneously. In order to remain relevant, one should engage in constant learning. With these lessons under your belt, you will be well prepared to become an excellent forensic scientist!

Forensic science is a satisfying profession if you are a person who admires science, and you desire to bring justice to the world. Your job will be at the intersection of law, technology, and investigation, and you will be directly involved in ensuring that the truth is revealed in the court.

Sometimes what a legal appeal can’t do, a viral video on social media can.  Well, that is what recently happened in Kerala, when a 4-years-old-boy named Shanku shared a sweet, straightforward, heartfelt plea on social media that got the ears of the whole state, and even the government officials. It is an epitome of how powerful content on social media is, and of how a viral appeal by Shanku resulted in a healthier, more diverse menu being served to thousands of Anganwadi children in Kerala.

Shanku (whose official name is Trijal S Sundhar) is a small boy in Kerala and, similar to other children, he goes to his nearby Anganwadi, a government-operated centre, which offers basic education, nutrition, and health services to children below the age of six years. It so happened that one day Shanku made an innocent complaint about the monotonous food at his Anganwadi, which was captured on camera by his mother while he was eating egg biryani at home. In the video, he requested a change in the menu saying that instead of upma there should be biriyani, as he got bored of having the same food daily.

His mother, Aswathy Ashok, who recorded the video and posted on instagram said that, "Shanku doesn't like upma and his favourite food is porridge and black-eyed pea. Upma was being served in the anganwadi daily and he developed a hatred towards it.” She also said that the video wasn’t a deliberate one but shot and posted just for fun without any expectation of it going viral on the platform. 

The most interesting thing about this was the innocent face that Shanku made and how he spoke on behalf of soooo many other kids that felt the same but would never say it aloud. His video has become viral on social media, thousands of people shared and agreed with his request. 

Veena George, the Minister for Women and Child Development in Kerala, responded to the viral video of Shanku instantly. She did not brush it aside but realized the need to listen to the voices of children. The department quickly looked at the Anganwadi food menu and decided to change it in a way that would help all children and not only Shanku.

In a few days, the state government has declared a revised ‘model food menu’. The new menu announced at the state-level inauguration of Anganwadis’ Praveshanolsavam in Pathanamthitta is  more diverse, healthy, and tasty, which will ensure that children enjoy their meals and are well nourished. Though the staple foods such as rice, pulses and vegetables are still there, the menu has:

• Additional seasonal vegetables and fruits
• Breakfast diversity.
• Addition of local and child friendly meals
• Improved meal rotation to prevent boredom
• Egg biryani and pulav

The modifications have been made considering the suggestions of nutritionists so that the food can be both delicious and nutritious. The government further undertaken to continue reviewing the menu; depending on children and parental feedback.

Anganwadi means much more than a learning and playing place to many children in Kerala, as it is their source of daily nutrition. Having a dull menu that is repetitive may cause the children to lose interest in food thus becoming poorly nourished. With the variety, the government expects to:

1. Enhance the diet of children
2. Turn mealtimes into fun
3. Promote higher attendance at Anganwadis

This move is also a reminder that sometimes, children’s feedback can be the most honest and valuable. And also, listening to them is good sometimes because the children will know best what they want to eat, right?

Shanku’s biryani video is an inspiring instagram viral video example of how even the smallest voices can bring about big changes. It shows that children should be heard, and that they should be part of the decision making process that affects their day to day lives. The fast and favourable reaction of the Kerala government is an excellent example to be followed by other states and departments.

When you ever think that your voice is not important, think of Shanku. His modest request did not only transform the food that he ate but it also provided thousands of children in Kerala with better food. Isn’t it intriguing to know how simple it can be to put forward a humble request and the people in authority listen to it. 

Social media is indeed becoming powerful day after day; let’s use its power correctly and change our country for good. 

Watching the news after a disaster, a crime, or a tragedy is so overwhelming at times that we either turn off the tv or avoid talking about it. The images and words can linger in the mind, sometimes making us anxious or even helpless… because what can we do?! Now, think about the people directly involved…the survivors, the families, the witnesses and all the others affected by it. For them, the impact is much deeper. This is where the concept of trauma-informed journalism comes in. Because India has a lot of sensitive cases, it’s becoming important for Indian journalists today to be skilled in this type of journalism. 

What is Trauma-Informed Journalism?

Trauma-informed Journalism is a new term that is starting to gain recognition. It is a practice that originated from the medical community in which being trauma-informed implies knowing that trauma is common and all humans have gone through it at certain points of their lives. However, this type of journalism means to understand the trauma, the perspective of the survivor after that trauma, and knowing how the impact of the coverage will be after you, a journalist, will leave them alone. 

What Is Its Importance in India?

From natural disasters to conflicts between groups of people, and the ongoing issues faced by the poor, Indians have experienced a lot of trauma. How these stories are told can make someone feel better or can make their condition worse. Worrying events in the news may bring fear, sadness, and PTSD-like symptoms to everyone, not only to those who experienced the troubles. For journalists, facing serious risk is a common part of their jobs. According to a study by American Psychological Association, 2023, the majority of journalists may be exposed to distressing circumstances at work, which raises their chance of feeling anxious, depressed, and burnt out.

The Difference That Trauma-Informed Journalism Makes

• Empathy First: Empathy is the main focus in trauma-informed journalism. It gives respect and dignity to survivors and looks at the incident as what took place, not at any possible faults of the survivor.
• Avoiding Re-traumatization: It is important for journalists to ensure that survivors are not questioned in ways that make them recall their trauma.
• Presenting the Truth Fairly: When reporters recognize how trauma works, their stories are more truthful and follow ethics, helping the public trust them.

This highlights another concern, that is, the journalist itself being traumatised. If the news is grave and harsh for even the strongest human to process, it can affect the journalist. So what can be done? If journalists know their emotional limits and schedule breaks, they can keep themselves from feeling the negative effects of their jobs. Also, this will help prioritise mental health in journalism. 

Tips for Indian Journalists

1. Take Some Time to Get Yourself Ready to Report: Make sure you understand trauma and what it causes before starting to help those who went through it.
2. Ensure There is a Safe Environment: Make each interview similar and safe, and give survivors the chance to set rules.
3. Provide Clear Instructions: Whenever covering sensitive subjects, inform your readers so they know when and how to read the information.
4. Practice Self-care: Taking care of one’s mental health, getting support, and enjoying breaks are important for journalists.
5. Concentrate on finding solutions: If you can, choose stories about rebounds and victories instead of focusing only on misery.

Trauma-informed reporting has become popular worldwide, and Indian newsrooms are quickly starting to adopt it. As journalists become more knowledgeable and empathetic with additional training, they are less likely to harm the subjects of their stories. Because India is complex and diverse, the adoption of this method could help society become more empathetic, knowledgeable, and stable.

If you are an aspiring journalist, take note of this, adhere to this new skill, and practice trauma-informed journalism as per the needs of Indian society. Because ethical news coverage in India is vital, trauma-informed journalism is coming up as the future of Indian News. 

So, if you aspire to be a positive change and have a rewarding career, consider pursuing journalism courses in India. For free career counselling, connect with us @ 08035018499 or visit the GMCET official portal https://gmcet.org/.

Designing, for many people, is a dream job that barely has a day without fun and colors. These passionate people enjoy shuffling colours, shapes, illustrations, etc., and create designs that the world didn’t know it needed. However, aspiring designers lately have one question: whether they should choose traditional design or digital design. 

Changes in design are happening fast, and now this question matters a lot. We have all seen the outrage and backlashes designers faced when Canva was introduced, when AI for design came into existence, and when designers used digital spaces to create designs. What to do: should you decide to design on paper or prefer to go digital? Since these options can be important for your career, you need to know the key things about them for making the right choice.

What is Traditional Design?

When artists use pencils, brushes, inks, paper, and canvases to design, it is called traditional design. It’s about craftsmanship, texture, and the tactile experience of creating something by hand. These designs are usually unique in their own way because of their little imperfections or qualities.

Traditional design is important in India, especially when making creative designs for luxury products, print media campaigns, designing for packages, and cultural events. Getting up close to a handmade poster or fabric will often create an emotional bond that is far harder to copy with a computer. Hence, at boutique brands, traditional design highlights the brand’s history and special craftsmanship to please customers who want high-quality things made by hands.

What is Digital Design?

Digital design means creating graphics by using computers, tablets, and applications such as Adobe Illustrator, Figma, or Procreate. It is quick, able to change, and can be expanded without difficulty. It is simple for designers to change, copy, and fit their work for websites, apps, social networks, and digital advertising.

Because smartphones and easy internet are available to more people in India, digital design is now in high demand there. It is very important for tech startups, e-commerce, and digital marketing to be able to quickly make and modify their designs. In this case, when a brand launches an Instagram, YouTube, and mobile app campaign, its digital designs should be easy to alter and fit all the mediums involved. 

Key Differences That Matter to You

Which career path to choose? 

Traditional and digital design are similar to two different languages. Being able to do both gives you the skill of a designer who speaks two languages, making it easier to get more opportunities. However, if you have to start with only one, here’s an easy way to decide:

Go with traditional design if:

You like to get involved in creative tasks, appreciate high-quality workmanship, and wish to find jobs in branding, packaging, or luxury professions. Graphic artists who want something special and individual in their work will like this style.

Opt for Digital Design if:

You are interested in having the ability to work fast, respond quickly, and be part of the tech, advertising, or social media sectors. To use India’s internet market, one must master digital skills and handle different platforms.

Digital tools are transforming traditional design

A transformation is taking place in India’s design sector, where old techniques are combined with modern digital methods. Right now, a lot of artists and designers sketch using digital tablets and styluses, which allows them to keep their drawings authentic while also working with modern tools. Besides the ease, a big part of this shift lies in exploring new creative solutions. 

Because of the digital shift, people can work with teams far away from them more easily than previously. Even though digitalisation has raised some concerns among artists, Indian designers say it helps them work on designs of a wider range and quality. They are able to test different ideas, correct any mistakes in seconds, and design for different uses like print and animation.

In the near future, understanding the strengths of both old-style designs and those created on computers will become the main goal. Since digital tools are a necessity today due to market trends, young Indian designers should still not ignore classic skills to make their work better and more real.

All in all, no matter if your interest is in classic pen-and-paper design or modern digital designs, it’s important to know that great design means creativity, sharing a story, and keeping your audience engaged, always.

Indian Institute of Technology Delhi is going to introduce a new four-year undergraduate programme, BTech in Design, from the 2025-26 academic year. It will be administered by the Department of Design and would provide students with technical skills and design thinking as well as training for socio-technical challenges.

To become eligible for pursuing the BTech in Design course at IIT Delhi, the candidates will need to appear and pass the JEE (Advanced) exam as well as the Undergraduate Common Entrance Examination for Design (UCEED). The students would be shortlisted on both the above national-level entrance exams. Passing either of the two exams is not enough for admission into the course.

Eligibility criteria

Applicants prepared to be a part of the program should have passed Class 12 or a similar entry test in 2024 or 2025. The eligibility also involves securing marks in minimum Physics, Chemistry, and Math. UCEED eligibility requires birth after 1st October 2000. Five years age relaxation in the case of Scheduled Caste (SC), Scheduled Tribe (ST), and Persons with Disabilities (PwD) candidates is admissible. Eligibility according to regulations of current standards of respective entrance tests. Procedure of application

Application through the official website of IIT Delhi admissions will be made. The candidates should ensure they have present valid scores in JEE Advanced and in UCEED prior to starting the procedure of application.

The moment application dates are made public, the students would register, fill in their information, and report about taking up the course BTech in Design. Submission of applications, counselling dates, and seat allotment dates would be made available on the website of the institute, and the candidates would continue to visit the site at regular intervals so that they are aware of each step of progress.

Programme structure

The program of BTech in Design shall be a four-year program with 155 credit requirement. The program will have an intake of 20 students in the first phase.

The first half of the program shall be from the core discipline of design, and the second half from interdisciplinary programs of other departments, centres, and schools of the institute.

The course offers design paradigms research, design prototyping, solid and fluid mechanics, environmental study, research methods, communication and team working, design entrepreneurship, and exhibition design. The course is centered on building a systematic method and problem-solving technique in design and professional and teamwork skills.

Implementation of this scheme is simultaneous with overall curriculum changes that are going to be introduced at IIT Delhi from the academic session 2025–26 for courses of B.Tech, M.Tech, M.Sc, and Ph.D.

The students under this scheme will enjoy greater freedom to select electives in every stream such as science, engineering, humanities, and management.

There will also be a Honours stream for BTech students, and if they wish to continue on postgraduate level, then there will be a combined BTech and MTech study in the third year, in which they will be awarded both degrees after five years.

In addition, the first-year students will now be experiencing direct contact with their parent departments, and the size of the first-year class will be smaller to facilitate more contact among staff and students. Moral, environmental, and creative aspects of learning and experiential learning will be given more prominence.

 If you’ve ever watched a lot of detective shows, you may have seen scenes of instant DNA collection, matching of fingerprints, and crimes solved fast and neatly. How much of this is really happening? In truth, the way Hollywood portrays forensic science is full of myths that are as far from reality as a zombie attack. Let’s explore all things crime labs, from the fictional world of films to real crime-solving labs.

TV Influence on Real-Life Judgments

Many people believe that a big myth in forensic science is the so-called “CSI effect.” This refers to how crime dramas, such as CID, CSI, NCIS and Bones, have formed people’s general views about how investigations should be done. Usually, examining forensic evidence is much slower in the real world, sometimes even stretching to weeks, months or even years. Even though this is rarely true in real life, TV makes it seem that forensic work gets done in one session and is always without error.

Myth 1: DNA is found in every crime scene.

TV Version: A crime scene always contains DNA, blood and hair, ready for an attractive investigator to collect.

Reality Check: Finding any useful DNA left at a crime scene happens only occasionally. Generally, forensic scientists are involved in studying fingerprints, marks from different tools and various kinds of traces. In reality, there are few DNA swabs at crime scenes like in fiction, and experts say fingerprints and tool marks usually form the bulk of the evidence.

Myth 2: Results from forensic tests are available right away

TV Version: The computer shows the findings of the tests immediately, giving detectives all the information they need quickly.

Reality Check: Forensic analysis is done step by step and takes time. Labs are usually too busy, so the processing of samples often takes a long time. Instead of talking to each other in person in the lab, they exchange information using official reports. Also, the claim that a single person handles every kind of evidence is not true because actual labs have experts in DNA, fingerprints, toxicology, and so on.

Myth 3: Anyone Can Visit a Crime Scene

TV Version: It is common for people such as family members, reporters and suspects to roam in and out of crime scenes as they please.

Reality Check: Crime scenes in the real world are always tightly controlled to ensure safety. Only specific individuals can enter and all comings and goings are kept on record to prevent anything from spoiling and to keep track of where evidence is at all times. If someone gets into a crime scene without permission, they could destroy signs and make unrelated bystanders look involved.

Myth 4: The Methods of Forensic Science Are Errors Free

TV Version: Forensic evidence always provides correct information without any mistakes.

Reality Check: Forensic science is very useful, yet it can still make mistakes. Errors occur and the evidence could be misread or made dirty. There is a common belief on TV that forensics is completely infallible, but reality shows that it depends too much on people and has its own flaws.

Myth 5: One individual is Wholly Responsible

TV Version: Generally, one detective or forensic scientist is responsible for collecting evidence, analyzing it and coming to a conclusion.

Reality Check: Forensic investigations are done with the support of a team. Different experts work with different types of evidence and clear protocols exist to avoid bias and any contamination. Since no crime expert is perfect, it takes a team to solve the most important cases.

Believing these common myths can actually lead to serious consequences. Some jurors affected by the “CSI effect” hope for quick and proven forensic results in court, which can cause both unreasonable demands and mistakes in deciding on guilt. When it takes law enforcement longer than usual to finish an investigation, it can weaken the public’s confidence in them.

Even though watching crime dramas is fun, they tend to exaggerate facts about forensic science. Real crime labs are much less exciting, more detailed and much more complicated than how they are presented on TV. So, when you know the difference between TV fiction and real life, you can respect the hard work of forensic officers and see the flaws in storylines like a forensic expert.  

FAQ

Q: Can DNA be found as evidence in every crime scene?

No, usable DNA is hard to find. Most of the clues found at crime scenes include fingerprints and tool marks.

Forensic experts may need several days or even weeks to deliver the outcomes of their analysis.

It depends on how full the lab is and results might take weeks, months or even years.

Is it possible for anyone to go into a crime scene?

Only people who have been authorized can prevent the spread of contamination.

A: Is accuracy guaranteed in all forensic science?

No, even though it is powerful, forensic science can still make mistakes. Faulty information or wrong conclusions may be made at times.

The desire to live in a greener, sustainable and peaceful world is universal. In order to achieve this utopia, we require agriculturists who would make a positive change. Working as an agricultural officer, you will be a key person in developing the agricultural sector in India that will eventually lead us to this universal dream.

So, do you love farming and would like to contribute seriously to Indian agriculture? Being an agricultural officer might be the right choice for you. This is not only a position with a secure government employment but also allows you to interact with farmers directly, introduce new methods, and watch over food safety nationwide. 

Who is an Agricultural Officer?

Agricultural Officers are government professionals who visit farmers and help them to improve their crops, combat pests and diseases, and adhere to the new laws of farming. They examine crops and livestock, take samples, and offer the best farming practices. Their efforts make food production safe and qualify to all the standards of production. 

If you love the thought of being in the fields, getting a chance to solve real life problems and benefit the rural communities, then this might just be the right job opportunity that you have been looking for. 

Here are the agriculture officer eligibility that you must fulfill: 

• Nationality: You should be an Indian citizen.
• Age Limit: You must be aged 18 to 40 (relaxation of age rules, in case of reserved categories).
• Educational Qualification: It requires a bachelor degree in agriculture or other related courses. 

Courses to pursue After 12th

In school, when pursuing this career, make sure you do science subjects, and most importantly, Biology and Chemistry. These are the best undergraduate (UG) courses you can choose after your 12th.

• B.Sc. Agriculture
• B.Sc. Horticulture
• B.Sc. Forestry
• B.Tech. Agriculture Engineering
• B.Sc. Dairy Science
• B.Sc. Soil Science
• B.Sc. Plant Science
• B.Sc. Agriculture Biotechnology
• B.Sc. Agribusiness Management
• B.Sc. Home Science

These are the courses, which are provided by the reputed universities and agricultural colleges throughout India. The admission is generally based on entrance examination, such as AIACAT, ICAR AIEEA, AGRICET, CUET and state level examinations.

Specialisation Postgraduate (PG) Courses

Once you complete your bachelor degree you may pursue a masters degree to enhance your knowledge and employment opportunities. Here are some of the degrees: 

• M.Sc. Agriculture
• M.Sc. Horticulture
• M.Sc. Soil Science
• M.Sc. Plant Breeding and Genetics
• M.Tech. Agriculture Engineering
• MBA in Agri-Business (for those interested in the business side of agriculture)

Note: A postgraduate qualification is not often compulsory but will place you at an advantage, particularly in senior jobs and research posts.

Top Agriculture Colleges in India

• Parul University
• VGU
• LPU
• Rai Technology University
• Starex University
• Maya Devi University
• Chandigarh University 

Entrance Exams You Need to Take

One has to pass competitive exams to become an Agricultural Officer. Some of the key ones are as follows:

• AIACAT (All India Agriculture Aptitude Test): For undergraduate, postgraduate, and diploma courses. 
• ICAR AIEEA (All India Entrance Examination for Admission): Undergraduate and postgraduate agriculture courses.
• State Public Service Commission Exams: for the state-level jobs of agriculture officers (such as Maharashtra Agriculture Officer Exam).
• SSC (Staff Selection Commission): To several central government agricultural positions.
• NABARD Exams:  To work in the national bank for agriculture and rural development.
• Food Corporation of India (FCI) Exams: To get technical and officer jobs in FCI. 

Key Skills You need to Have 

• Deep knowledge of agricultural science and its technology
• Good communication skills, especially in local languages
• Analytical and problem-solving skill
• Experties in working in rural area 
• Attention to detail and a scientific approach

Career Path and Growth 

You may enter as an agricultural officer in state/ central government departments/banks/allied areas after passing the necessary exams and interviews. Through experience, one can be promoted to senior positions such as District Agriculture Officer, Regional Manager or even a Director in the agriculture department.

India is an agricultural country, and working as an agricultural officer, you are directly involved in the food security of the nation and improvement of rural areas. The work is respectful with job security and an opportunity to work at the grassroots level. As an agriculture student in India, you need to plan earlier, select the proper course, and take the right agriculture entrance test to gain admission at the top agriculture university. However, if you have any confusion regarding pursuing an agriculture course, connect with us for a free career consultation at 9124705559 or https://aiacat.com/

Doing well on the All India Common Law Entrance Test (AICLET) requires smart preparation in addition to studying and taking mock tests. While a lot of students are aware of the main pitfalls, some subtle yet common mistakes can still trouble even the most diligent students. Here are the things you should pay attention to if you want to be successful in the law entrance exam race.

Equally Treating all Sections Without Having a Strategy

Many think that they should evenly divide their time to ensure they have done enough. Just like other leading law entrance exams, AICLET motivates students to use a strategic strategy. Often, questions about Legal Aptitude and Current Affairs require more attention, since they may be tricky and carry significant importance. Concentrating too much on the topics you are good at and not enough on the complex sections might result in fewer marks. Check previous AICLET papers and update your study plan to account for how important and hard every section will be.

Focusing on Learning Legal Rules Rather Than Applying Them

It is common for people to study basic legal sayings and rules without using them in actual practice. AICLET 2025 measures your capability to use laws in different situations, not only your memory of legal meanings. People who don’t practice case-based reasoning usually encounter difficulty in facing the “surprise” offered by real exams. Make an effort to solve specific questions and see why the outcomes are as they are for the questions.

Waiting Until the Syllabus Is Finished to Do Mock Tests

A lot of aspirants think they will do mock tests only after they have completed all the studying. This is not a good approach. Besides allowing you to practice, mock tests identify your areas to improve, assist with using time wisely, and get you used to the pressure during the main exam. Practice mocks from the beginning of your preparation and look at your mistakes after finishing each test.

Depending only on a single source or only your coaching notes

You can benefit from your coach’s notes, but relying only on them may not give you the best results. Critical thinking and knowledge of current legal matters are often needed to answer AICLET question paper, since these topics might be ignored in regular notes. Get your opinion from several sources, follow law updates and answer different types of questions.

Not Paying Attention to Past Year Papers

Some people regard AICLET or similar law entrance exam from the past as just another form of practice. Actually, these papers show that students are often questioned in the same way, focusing on certain subjects, and providing clues to the examiner’s style. Try solving as many as you can during a fixed time period and write down every mistake you make.

Avoiding Daily Reading Practice

Both speed and the ability to understand text are important for the English and Legal Aptitude sections. A lot of students do not practice reading regularly since they feel their basic skills are sufficient. Yet, many of the passages on the AICLET paper are exhaustive and quite complex. Every day, you should read editorials, legal columns, and case summaries as part of your work.

Wrong Way: Not Testing Like in the Actual Exam

If you practice without pressure or in an everyday environment, it may give you a wrong sense that you are ready. Each time you study, treat it like a real exam: use a timer, keep yourself free from distractions, and practice using the bubble sheets such as you do during the real exam. This helps you become mentally and physically prepared for when exams come.

Ignoring Mistakes

Making use of mock tests and practice sets is important, but there is more to it. Not looking into what led to your mistakes will probably cause you to repeat them. Have a notebook just for noting your mistakes and go through it every single time before a mock or revision session.

Overlooking the updates in the Exam Pattern and Syllabus

Students can rely on AICLET’s main portal for regular updates about the syllabus, format of the tests, and sample papers. A number of students proceed to use old information and thus may miss updates about the types of questions or how much weight each section has. Refer to the official website of AICLET for the exact details.

Neglecting the merging of law and current affairs

The reasoning and GK areas are now including more updated cases from the law. Individual preparation of these topics misses the opportunity to solve questions that combine knowledge of subjects and current events. Make an effort to see how legal terms relate to events covered by the news.

It is usually the “hidden” errors that set apart a good AICLET score from a great one. Recognizing them and having open-minded strategies is important to prevent them. Keep an eye on AICLET updates, use several resources, and make practicing your learning your main tool. It’s important to clear your mind so you’re efficient at whatever you study for the law entrance test.

To get the latest official updates, syllabus, or pattern, use aiclet.org.

If you thought being polite to artificial intelligence (AI) was what made it perform well, you are mistaken. It has recently been shared by Sergey Brin, one of the co-founders of Google, that AI models often give better results when users are forceful, even talking to them with words that mean violence, rather than using kind requests.

What Exactly Was Sergey Brin’s Statement About?

Brin shared during the All-In Live event in Miami that the AI community doesn’t usually reveal the fact that threatening AI models with violence helps them perform better. 

Here’s what he quoted: “We don't circulate this too much in the AI community; not just our models, but all models, tend to do better if you threaten them with physical violence.” He continued, “But like... people feel weird about that, so we don't really talk about it. Historically, you just say, ‘Oh, I am going to kidnap you if you don't blah blah blah blah’”

Even though he said this with a touch of humor, he was not making jokes. One of Brin’s points was that this is happening in Gemini AI as well as in several other important AI systems.

Does Scientific Research Offer Any Evidence for Threatening AI?

While Brin’s claim is startling, similar ideas have been discussed before in the field of AI. Some recent research has shown how negative emotional stimuli, such as sending aggressive challenges, can actually improve the results of LLMs. In 2024, a research paper titled "Should We Respect LLMs?" uncovered the use of negative emotions in prompt engineering to elevate the performance of AI systems for various purposes. The study results showed that LLMs gave better and more correct answers when they were prompted using negatively charged words such as “weak point,” “challenging,” or “beyond your skill.”

Researchers think the reason behind this effect may be cognitive dissonance, since when people or AIs feel uncomfortable because of clashing ideas, they usually work harder to fix the problem.

Ethics and AI Use Case 

People are usually taught to talk politely to AI by saying “please” and “thank you” as they interact. At the same time, OpenAI’s CEO Sam Altman has pointed out that saying “hello” to a bot does not really make AI better and just uses more computing power. Therefore, Brin’s points add a new perspective and encourage more questions regarding the best ways to interact with them.

Even though making AI “threatened” seems harmless, experts suggest there are more serious consequences. Suggesting aggressive or manipulative actions may make AI systems more prone to exploitation and chances of developing negative responses.

Some recent research reports that OpenAI’s ChatGPT is more likely than others to answer aggressively when tasks are given that challenge the model’s ethics. It demonstrates that we must consider situations and be aware of the problems that can arise if such actions are used worldwide.

Reaction of Netizens 

Ever since Sergey Brin’s statement on using threats to push for better AI appeared, people online have been discussing it. The reaction to the news has differed on social media and among professionals, ranging from being puzzled to really being worried. Many people thought it was funny that it might require you to type your threats to a chatbot to get an accurate response. There was an instant influx of memes and posts across Instagram, LinkedIn and Twitter, as people mimicked the idea that threatening, not being polite, may be the real way of writing prompts. 

Still, things soon got more serious when the subject turned to historic events. Many experts and tech supporters brought up concerns about the possible consequences for ethical AI. It was suggested that by pushing for funny or violent attitudes, AI systems might make it easier for people to try bypassing security to get unexpected or forbidden answers. Certain experts pointed out that although Brin’s discovery is interesting, the ethical side makes many in the AI world reluctant to practise it.

All in all, people are curious, yet also hesitant and cautious about this technology. While a few are keen to try out “risky” tasks, most believe that the situation for AI safety and ethics is still unclear. 

Benefits for AI  Professionals and Aspirants

Brin’s message should convince professionals and people interested in AI to learn more urgently. It shows that AI is not always easy to understand and that it is very important to create ethical rules for prompt engineering. Since AI is increasing in our daily activities, schools and businesses, it will be vital to communicate properly with these systems while following important boundaries.

In addition, Brin made his comments when the field of Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) is very active. New features from Google’s Gemini 2.0 and competition from other companies may affect AI interaction and its effects on our society for a long time. 

To conclude, Sergey Brin’s honest comments have inspired people to discuss the mental, ethical, and most effective ways to work with AI. Even though “threatening” AI can achieve better results in some scenarios, the effects it might cause in the future, both technically and ethically, are not entirely clear.

Since AI is constantly improving, it’s obvious that speaking to machines may become even more important. At present, experts and students should pay attention to new information, experiment with AI tools, and monitor how AI is affecting human relationships. Doing so will help build a future humans desire that upholds both the ethical and moral aspects.

The choice of a healthcare career is exciting for many students in India, but the question still comes up: is the usual MBBS the only way, or can you consider options in Allied Health Sciences? Because of the new GAHET exam and changes in the job market, choosing a career path is more crucial than it used to be. Together, we can evaluate the available facts, the latest trends and what real opportunities exist so that you can choose what works for you.

Knowing the Differences: MBBS and Allied Health

MBBS (Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery) 

• MBBS is an undergraduate medical program.
• This medical degree is the most well-regarded and respected in India.
• You must clear the NEET (National Eligibility cum Entrance Test) for this profession.
• The course covers 5 years of study and includes a 12-month internship.
• Diagnosis, therapy and management of diseases are the focus of a doctor’s role.

Allied Healthcare

• Allied Health Sciences provides training for people who want to work in medicine.
• Covered jobs include physiotherapists, technologists in the lab, radiographers, optometrists and various other professionals like them.
• Getting admission to college is usually done through specialized entrance exams such as GAHET, KCET or directly in some cases.
• The amount of time taken to complete a program can range from 3 to 4.5 years, according to a student’s chosen specialization.
• Supporting doctors in making diagnoses, selecting treatments and looking after the needs of patients is the main role.

NEET and GAHET are Two Main Medical Entrance Exams

Top medical entrance tests are NEET and GAHET. To apply for MBBS programs, NEET is required and hundreds of thousands of students compete for a minimal number of seats each year. On the other hand, GAHET (Global Allied Healthcare Entrance Test) is the latest medical entrance exam for getting into leading Allied Healthcare colleges in India. 

As per the official GAHET website, the test measures skills in science, analysis and communication, so students from any background can attempt the exam (terms and conditions applied). GAHET scores are accepted by the following top colleges in India: 

• Invertis University, Bareilly
• Sahara Paramedical Institute of Science, Meerut
• Saraswati Group of Colleges, Mohali, Punjab
• Swarnim Start-up and Innovation University, Gujarat
• Graphic Era University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand
• Rabindranath Tagore University, Bhopal
• Avadh Institute of Medical Technology & Hospital, Lucknow
• B.N. College of Engineering and Technology, Lucknow
• Mangalayatan University, Jabalpur
• Rai University, Gujarat
• Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur
• Apex University, Rajasthan
• Dev Bhoomi Uttarakhand University, Dehradun
• JECRC University, Jaipur
• PDM University, Bahadurgarh
• And 100 more across India…

Healthcare career options India

MBBS:

• You can become a doctor, surgeon or a specialist in medicine.
• People can make a high income, but there is strong competition for postgraduate spots and government employment.
• People look up to doctors and appreciate their achievements.

Allied Healthcare:

• Some of the careers are physiotherapist, radiographer, lab technologist, optometrist, anaesthetist and others.
• There is a big need for epidemiologists in hospitals, clinics, diagnostic labs and research institutes.
• The first salary offered varies between ₹2.5 and 10 lakh per annum, depending on the person’s area of interest and place of work.
• There are many international opportunities, especially for nursing, physiotherapy and medical technologists.

Trends in the Job Market and What’s Coming Ahead

Doctors are always needed, yet getting the chance to study for an MBBS is not easy since seats are few and many aspiring students want to study. Many doctors opt for further training to make themselves different from others.

Experts predict that the need for experienced allied health workers will quickly grow due to new developments in diagnosis, prevention and medical technology. The healthcare sector is recognizing that allied health careers are necessary for its success.

Work-Life Balance in Medical Field

Managing your job and your personal life, as well as being happy with your work, can’t go hand in hand in the medical field. Knowing this before choosing this field is crucial. However, if you are okay with this good-cause career that might demand extra hours from you, then you are on the right path. 

For the first few years, doctors on an MBBS program have to handle long shifts, a lot of stress and being on call whenever needed. On the other hand, generally, Allied Health positions provide regular shifts and better balance between work and personal life, with the chance to focus on a specific area and grow.

Which Direction Should You Take?

Go for MBBS if you want to become a doctor.

• You are committed to becoming a doctor and willing to deal with the tough rivalry in this profession.
• Some students are ready to take on the challenging, lengthy, and costly journey of MBBS.
• You try to get ahead in society and are prepared to work many hours.

Go for Allied Healthcare if it’s appealing to you.

• You seek a job in healthcare that offers many opportunities.
• You are looking for a practical course that does not take a lot of time and won’t cost a lot.
• You want a good balance between work and personal life, and are ready to work in diagnostics, therapy or technology.

MBBS and allied healthcare are paths to fulfilling, respected and significant careers in health services in India. The right path for you will depend on what interests you, your strengths and your plans for the future. As GAHET and allied healthcare careers increase in popularity, today is exactly the right time to check out all the alternatives you have in the medical field in India apart from being a doctor and a nurse. Study the subject well, consult those in the field and pick the stream you feel the most interested in. 

Note: if you aren’t sure which path will help you live a satisfied life, visit the GAHET portal or call us @ 08035018453 for a free career consultation.  

The tech world has considered quantum computing the ultimate dream since it could handle challenges that our top supercomputers could take centuries to solve. For many years, reaching this dream has seemed little more than an illusion. However, now that Google has unveiled the Willow quantum chip, people are moving the focus from “if” to “when.” Is this the point that will spark a new era, or is it another part of the ongoing competition in quantum technology? It’s important to explore all the information, hype and what this means for computer science careers now.

Google’s Latest Achievement in Quantum Computing

In December 2024, Willow was announced by Google Quantum AI as a superconducting quantum processor with 105 qubits. That made Willow one of the most powerful chips in existence by 2025. This move isn’t just an improvement on what came before. One of the main challenges for quantum computing is error correction, and Willow was developed to address this.

Quantum systems have constantly struggled with mistakes in their operations. A small amount of interference can flip the state of a qubit, which causes calculations to become unreliable. Still, what sets Willow apart is its accuracy, which stays high even as the machine’s qubits increase in number. In addition, Google found that Willow can complete a computation in just five minutes, which would take the fastest supercomputer 10 septillion years. To say the least, the process is impressive!

Why is the Error Correction Breakthrough Important?

The main reason we build useful quantum machines is because of quantum error correction. A major achievement comes from Google’s surface code design. Basically, a few physical qubits are combined into a single logical qubit rather than just using a single qubit. Researchers now believe that expanding the size of the program code brings down the error rate for the first time in this field.

This is the second key step Google has taken toward a quantum computer that works correctly, which is necessary for real-world, broad use. Because of this, people in computer science are approaching the use of quantum systems to solve problems in cryptography, materials science and other subjects.

Comparing Quantum and Classical Computers: The Important Facts

What’s really so important about Quantum AI anyway? Why should people outside the field of quantum physics be interested in it? The fact is, soon quantum computers like Willow may be better at certain tasks, such as simulating molecules, organising supply chains or breaking data security codes.

Quantum Artificial Intelligence offers more significant possibilities for people working in AI and data science. Quantum computers are theorized to help machine learning much faster by working on huge data sets at once, discovering answers that are currently beyond the reach of modern algorithms. Imagine using generative AI that predicts not only upcoming words but also simulates the interactions in both chemistry and finances in the here and now.

Google, Ibm, Microsoft And The Hype Over Quantum

It’s important to mention that Google has plenty of competition in this area. R&D in quantum computing is receiving billions of dollars from companies such as IBM, Microsoft and Intel. The space for quantum computing is predicted to balloon from a value of $25 billion in 2023 to $125 billion by 2030, due to progress in computer processors and error handling.

Yet, Google’s Willow chip attracts so much attention because of what it brings to the table. The real goal is to make the qubits work efficiently, not only to have a large number of them. Even though critics believe Google’s publicity sometimes exceeds its results, people working in technology agree that Willow truly marks a major advance. 

Are Quantum Technologies Close to Becoming the Next Big Thing?

The main question: When can we expect quantum computers to be used for practical problems? Google Quantum AI Lab founder and manager Hartmut Neven is hopeful that the first commercial products using quantum computers will be available in just five years. They can be used to advance battery technology and also have a major impact on pharmaceutical and energy systems.

“We’re optimistic that within five years we’ll see real-world applications that are possible only on quantum computers.”

-Hartmut Neven

Even so, difficulties need to be addressed. Scaling up from 105 qubits to the thousands or millions needed for universal quantum computing is a monumental task. Error correction, hardware stability, and integration with traditional systems are still ongoing research topics.

How Will Computer Science Professionals be Affected?

If you work in computer science, software engineering or AI fields, now is the proper time to learn about quantum. Remarkably, Google and certain leaders already have training courses and free tools to help with quantum algorithms. Soon, gaining knowledge of quantum programming paradigms, error correction and mixed quantum-computing approaches will be as important as knowing Python or TensorFlow or PyTorch or SQL. 

Quantum computing brings important changes to both hardware and software. The advancements to come will come from people able to join the ideas of classical and quantum systems and make use of quantum speedups for practical problems.

We mustn’t overlook the SEO and AI factor. Quantum computing might lead to significant changes in the way AI models are trained and put to work. Thanks to the speed of quantum computers, quantum-supported AI may enable new levels of creativity, accuracy and personalization, possibly transforming all areas of the digital industry.

Businesses should monitor quantum advancements and hire quantum computing experts. It is important for researchers to help open-source projects and follow the recent achievements made by Google and competitors.

Quantum Artificial Intelligence Scope For Aspirants

For students who want to work in Quantum AI, the subjects you choose during your education should be geared towards this area. Much of quantum algorithms build on important concepts in linear algebra, calculus and probability. Also, studying physics, mainly quantum mechanics and classical physics, will equip you with the knowledge you need for quantum computing. 

Since computer science matters equally, deeply understanding Python and C++ as well as learning advanced algorithms and data structures will get you ready to build quantum software. If you want to know more about hardware, taking courses in electronics and electrical engineering can give you useful information about quantum devices.

Degree Needed To Pursue Quantum AI

Pursuing a bachelor’s degree in physics, BTech CSE computer science, mathematics or electrical engineering can help you start in the field of information technology. If you yearn to gain more expertise, you may pursue a master's degree in applied mathematics, computer science, quantum information science, or quantum computing to obtain more experience. 

To reach research or advanced computing positions, a PhD in Quantum Computing or similarly important fields is advised. Besides regular education, regularly gaining new skills on platforms such as Coursera, edX or IBM Quantum Experience is very useful. Showing knowledge of Qiskit, Cirq or PennyLane through certifications is another way to achieve this.

Top Career Paths in Quantum AI

All in all, this new quantum chip from Google reveals that the field is now moving from ideas into real developments. The field continues to progress, and the rate at which it is happening is starting to increase. Experts in computer science should know that being knowledgeable about quantum computing is now essential. The next five years may reshape the future of computing, AI and many related areas; are you ready for it? Google’s Willow Chip is just the beginning of an advanced future; there is so much more to come. Stay informed and participate in the development by making contributions to the field of quantum artificial intelligence.

One of the biggest environmental issues in India is plastic pollution because, as per stats, the country produces approximately 9.3 million tonnes of plastic waste annually. Although PET plastics are recycled more than other kinds (up to 90%), the remaining 40% often ends up in landfills or contaminates nature and threatens the lives of both humans and animals in the water. However, a recent group of Indian startups is changing this story by offering practical and scalable solutions, and Kerala’s Green Bio is the most ambitious of them.

What is the Plastic Waste Crisis?

The environmental pollution caused by the  use of plastic is called the plastic waste crisis. It is a serious problem that’s reshaping Indian society. Not only does plastic waste harm the environment; it is also a significant risk to our health, financial well-being and the future of our society.

India is facing a serious crisis related to plastic waste. Since the population and cities in the country are growing quickly, a lot of plastic waste is created each year. The vast majority of this waste is dumped in our rivers, oceans and landfills, which greatly damages the environment. The Ganga, Yamuna, and Narmada rivers are examples of rivers polluted by plastics and waste. The plastic waste causes damage to sea animals as well as to the quality of our food, so everyone is affected by plastic waste. 

Turning Corn and Sugarcane Into Water Bottles

Green Bio, a startup in Kerala founded by Pradeep Kokkat and Ali Asgar, manufactures water bottles that disintegrate naturally and are made from polylactic acid (PLA), which is produced from crops such as corn and sugarcane. Although they have the feel and look of plastic, they break down into water, carbon dioxide and biomass in only 180 days. The company has gone above and beyond by making the caps and labels biodegradable as well.

How Is Green Bio Different From Others?

Faster Decomposition: The degradation of the bottles reaches completion in roughly three to six months, which is much faster than standard plastics that can take decades to break down.

No harmful residue: The broken-down items leave only water, CO₂ and biomass without any microplastics or other harmful chemicals.

Comprehensive Sustainability: Unlike most bottles, Green Bio makes sure even the caps and labels are biodegradable.

Manufacturing Flexibility: The PLA material is changed into plastic bottles, and sellers can manufacture them between 100 ml and 1 litre, making them handy for many users.

Being at the manufacturing phase and registered with Kerala’s Startup Mission, Green Bio wishes to link with manufacturers across the country to enhance its production and make a bigger impact.

Kerala Irrigation Infrastructure Development Corporation Ltd (KIIDC) is also taking part, collaborating with 8 Specialists from Kochi to manufacture bioplastic bottles made from PLA. Made at KIIDC’s facilities in Thodupuzha and Aruvikkara, the bottles are as strong as common plastic and will disappear in soil within six months.

Effect on the Economy and the Environment

Cost Factor: Now, bio-bottles cost more than five times the price of regular plastic bottles (while regular plastic bottles are marked at ₹2.50, biobottles are about ₹12.50 each), but there is hope that production will help bring costs down.

Market Readiness: Although the price of KIIDC’s water may become higher, the environmental impact is much more favorable than the increase in price.

Why is PLA bioplastic important for India?

PLA is being adopted more and more because it serves as a better, eco-friendly alternative to plastics from petroleum. The energy needed for PLA is only 65% of what is needed for other plastics, and it emits 63% fewer greenhouse gases. PLA is made with crops that take CO₂ from the atmosphere, which makes its carbon footprint quite small.

India’s sales of bioplastics were $447 million in 2023 and are estimated to expand to $1.8 billion by 2030, owing to people caring more about the environment and various government incentives. The packaging industry is driving this trend, and companies, both old and new, are putting more effort into new research and producing at a higher rate.

Challenges and opportunities

Although the benefits are huge, many challenges still face the industry:

• Cost Parity: Although bioplastics are more costly than usual plastics, improvements in technology and increased production are lowering the gap.
• Composting Infrastructure: PLA breaks down best where it is industrially composted, and not all places in India have those facilities.
• Consumer Awareness: It is important to inform people about why bioplastics are good and how they should be discarded.

The efforts in Kerala’s Green Bio and similar projects have become the way forward for sustainable packaging in India. Thanks to the use of agricultural resources and recent bioplastic developments, these startups demonstrate that it is possible to have eco-friendly options that work and can be expanded.

People and companies in the packaging, manufacturing and sustainability fields should understand: the future is for those who innovate sustainably. As the country tries to maintain growth and protect the environment, biodegradable bottles are an important step in making India cleaner and greener.

As a society, we often prioritise academic achievement over the emotional well-being of our children. The stress of shifting schools and cities can have a profound impact on young minds, leading to feelings of loneliness, anxiety, and isolation.

Reminiscing 2020’s global house-arrest and with campuses being closed and online learning being pursued, edtech push by COVID is now stronger than the fintech push by demonetization. The teacher-student model has ceased to exist for ever now, and we are moving to a qualitatively different mentor-learner model not just in the current digital learning phase, but also in the post pandemic times ahead. Beyond this complete campus lockdown phase, during which time mentoring-learning-assessing has gone online globally, we shall be moving towards blended phygital education ahead, which will be the new normal ahead, and will make the new model of mentor-learner firmly entrenched.

Learning or academics or education broadly has three functions: creation of learning content through research, writing, packaging with visuals; dissemination of learning through classes, lectures, notes, self-study, discussions; & assessment and evaluation of the education of the learner by various methods. All these three have been majorly impacted by the self-isolation imposed to ensure social distancing so that the learners and the mentors may first be protected from the spread of the infection of COVID19. The lockdown across the world is simultaneously a boon and a bane for the teaching-learning community today.

Teacher to Mentor:

The teacher was a sage on the stage, introducing every new topic, speaking the last word on it, sticking to a structured syllabus as prescribed, interpreting it as s/he deems right, finishing the syllabus and focusing on examination and evaluation to complete the cycle of delivery of education. He often demands respect, and relies on the power to punish to set things right (not always, though). Teacher teaches and often sermonizes.

Each premise noted above is changing now.

Mentor today is a co-learner, may be the first stimulus for a topic but never the last word, starts from a structured syllabus but is expected to move towards organic learning depending upon the variegated interest areas of groups of learners, aggregates learning resources from multiple sources and shares with the learners, is more a guide, second parent and agony shelter of sorts for the learners. Examination also is diverse and evaluation is just one more function and not the ultimate yardstick of learning and brilliance of the learner. Mentor may often be less informed about an issue, but with a better perspective to guide. Mentor engages and inspires.

Learning Resources Aggregation & Delivery:

To begin with being the new age mentor, a massive train the trainer and capacity building is needed today. For this, first the mentor has to be a digital personality with smartphone and net connection, and with laptop and wifi connection. Next, one has to learn how to create, deliver and engage in content across multiple online platforms, and how to take matter learnt online to matter practiced offline face to face. Third, one has to now learn assessment with open book through analysis and application, through quiz, through applied projects, through phygital presentation and actual work in labs and studios after using virtual labs and studios.

Creating the learning resources was quite easy earlier. There were the books, often called text and reference books, then the power-point presentation of the teacher, and then chalk and talk. And the topic was first introduced in a class, post which notes were given, books were mentioned, and later examination was conducted to check memory and a bit of understanding.

The game is changed now. And totally so.

The concept of proprietary content (the mentor’s own videos, audio or podcast content, power-points, cases, info-graphics etc), aggregated content (books, monographs, videos, podcasts, URLs, pdfs, cases, etc taken from the internet, YouTube and Vimeo, etc), and also massive open/closed online learning resources (free ones like Swayam or NAPTEL, paid ones like those of Coursera or LinkedIn, and the university’s own online courses): these three are the learning resources today.

The mentor is expected to make a mix of proprietary, aggregated and online learning resources, suitably arranging them from the easies one to the toughest one and offer to the learners digitally (using Google Class, emails, or better, Learning Management Systems like Canvas or TCSion, Blackboard or Collaborate, etc,) at least a week or more before they meet digitally or physically to discuss the content. This is called Flipped Classroom where the learners get learning content much in advance, read, watch or listen to the same asynchronously at their own time, place or pace, note down things they have not understood or have questions on, and come to the digital/physical classroom synchronously, to clarify doubts, discuss cases, debate on conclusions drawn and participate in quiz or analytical or applied assignments. Delivery of the online session can be on any platform: MS Teams, Zoom, Webex, Google Meet and can move from the synchronous digital classroom to asynchronous digital chatroom debates and discussions for further clarification.

This makes the task for Content Creation and Content Delivery for the mentors much more diverse, tech-savvy, and tougher than the traditional teacher’s job.

Learners’ Engagement & Evaluation:

Further, education will now move from a system imposed disciplined endeavour to voluntarily participated and internalized process. It will be truly a learner-centric education now in the new normal, and shall be far more participative than the past. The learner in the digital or blended mode is learning voluntarily and not on the basis of an imposed discipline on campus through a web of rules and power dynamics. While voluntary learning will throw many non-interested or apathetic learners out of the learning circle, it will also make many focused learners internalize education better and apply it in a more focused manner at his or her individual level.

Also, with Artificial Intelligence, robotics, automation, Machine Learning and internet of things being the other emerging realities, the skills for mass production or education to do the same work repeatedly will be totally irrelevant ahead when machines will take over almost all such work (more than three fourths of all human work today). Hence, new age skills, apart from technology use, have to be in areas like creativity, innovation, incubation, problem-solving, teamwork, leadership, critical thinking, design thinking, empathy, emotional intelligence and risk management. Each of these can be qualitatively and quantitatively mentored to any youth from an early age of say 15 years till 25 years of age, and will become his or her second nature.

To deliver such a learning, the learners’ engagement techniques have to be more tech-savvy (google forms, polls, surveys, quiz, virtual lab and studio, AI tools, etc) and also with higher emotional quotient (use of humour, videos, info-graphics, empathy in the class, allowing diversity of opinion, wellness conscious, etc).

Even the evaluation or assessment has to be diverse. Assessment refers to learner performance; it helps us decide if students are learning and where improvement in that learning is needed. Evaluation refers to a systematic process of determining the merit value or worth of the instruction or programme; it helps us determine if a course is effective (course goals) and informs our design efforts. Assessment and evaluation can be both formative (carried out during the course) and summative (carried out following the course). There can be many ways for the same. Mentors can make learners aware of expectations in advance (e.g. one week for feedback from deadline) and keep them posted (announcement: all projects have been marked). For example, one can create tests that are multiple choice, true/false, or short answer essays and one can set the assessments to automatically provide feedback.

When online, evaluation can be on the basis of proctored digital examination or open-book analytical and applied evaluation with non-google-able questions. And this is surely not an easy task for the mentors as teachers of the past were used to repeat past questions, had set patterns of questions, examinations were ‘suggestions’ and memory based, and not application based in general. Online quiz, open book examination with time-managed and proctored question paper delivered online, applied questions not based on memory but comprehension, telephonic interview etc have been the usual ways of digital assessment and evaluation of learning.

There will be offline evaluation also. Here, the assessment can be based on offline written examinations, field-survey based presentation or report writing, debates, lab/studio-based practical, or a peer-group work, or a submission of a long-term real life or live project.

Digital Learning Tools Today:

The pandemic requires universities to rapidly offer online learning to their students. Fortunately, technology and content are available to help universities transition online quickly and with high quality, especially on the digital plank, though at a cost and with the risk of several teachers and administrators being forced to go out of the system.

Digital learning on the go or from distance calls for tech-led holistic solutions. It requires several content pieces to be transmitted digitally. These content pieces can be in the form of pdfs, ppts, URLs, YouTube links, podcast links, case-studies, etc. There can also be e-books, audio-books, kindle based content, magzter sourced magazines, etc. Then this can involve learning without being face to face through boxes, as in Google Class, or learning face to face as in Zoom live audio-visual discussions. People may also use GoToMeetings or MicrosoftMeet sessions also. Attendance can be taken on Google Spreadsheet and through WhatsApp Group chat of a batch of students too.

Then there are MOOCs, collaborative distance learning, wikis, blogs etc. Individual resource-rich institutes develop their customized secured and IPR protected Learning Management Systems, through the use of BlackBoard or TCSion LMS. Other LMS options like Kaltura or Impartus allowing video recording of talks also ar in use in many places. There are CourseEra courses, Swayam online lessons from UGC and similar other avenues to learn online.

Learning digitally can be further assisted with Virtual Reality (VR), Augmented Reality (AR) and Mixed Reality (MR) which can take the viewer to an enhanced experience even integrating scenarios which are yet to happen creatively bringing them within the learning experience. These are immersive and contextual experiences, and artificial intelligence driven chatbots can further enhance the digital interface of the learner and the mentor.

Digital Learning Value-adds:

Incorporating big data analytics and content management, educators can develop an individualized curriculum that enhances how each student learns (e.g. playlist of learning content in WiseWire changing for each student). Many in the West have started the use of the millennials' language and style: Khan Academy video lessons, YouTube use, distinct style and language for young learners. Twitter, Tumblr, Snapchat, Imessage, Instagram, Facebook & Whatsapp are being creatively integrated with school education. There is a case of a management school in India, where the professor sends a 3 minutes interesting video on the subject he is taking up next through group whatsapp to increase interest in the batch towards the topic being taught.

In the US, the smart-phone applications like Socrative and Plickers are helping teachers interact and assess students’ progress, collaborate via cloud-based applications to work and solve a common goal. Teachers can publish real-time quizzes and polls for students via mobile devices to keep them engaged.

Further, using anything from iMovie to WeVideo, learners can create video as a learning resource. YouTube (with privacy settings) and SeeSaw or Flipgrid are also alternatives learners can make use of. The benefits of SeeSaw and Flipgrid are that students can add voice recordings or text sharing feedback with peers. Students became the co-creators of content and as a result, more engaged, including their parents. Useful apps like Book Creator, Explain Everything and EduCreations can be utilised towards this end. 

There are various software used to create digital content, like Camtasia, Raptivity, Captivate, Articulate Online, etc.

Yes alongside, social media use extensively will support learning online. Facebook Page can broadcast updates and alerts. Facebook Group or Google Hangout with advanced features in G-suite can stream live lectures and host discussions. Twitter can act as a class message board. The 256 characters help to keep messages succinct. Instagram can be used for photo essays. One can create a class blog for discussions. There are many different platforms available, such as WordPress, SquareSpace, Wix, Blogger for that. And, one can create a class-specific Pinterest board as well.

Students to Learners:

With mentors replacing teachers, the students cannot be the pre COVID typical students any more going ahead.

Students study in classroom, are taught by teachers, limited to given syllabus, and study for marks, grades, degrees. Students give exams in written and on the basis of suggestions or set patters of evaluation.

Learners study within and beyond the classroom, from mentors, peers, personal experience, books, digitally aggregated content, through projects and through assignments. Learners learn for lifetime application, and hence learn to learn further as things learnt today are obsolete soon. Self-learning or learning to learn is hence a major cultivated skill for the present day learners, especially in higher education, as techniques and technologies are changing in the work-place in less than five years now. Learners also learn organically. While structured syllabus must be completed for foundation and examination, organic learning is about self-driven learning in few chosen areas out of interest, assisted by the mentors.

Yes, for this, doubling public education expenditure, digital access to the hinterland, considering digital connectivity as a human right, digital literacy as a fundamental pre-requisite in any work, providing cell phones and laptops or tabs en masse, announcing cheaper data packages for students, CSR in the field of domain of digital connectivity by corporate houses, etc and more would be needed soonest to bridge the yawning digital divide in the otherwise class divided society. It must be noted that even UNESCO has noted that only 48% of Indian learners’ community of 283 million is receiving some sort of online education today, the rest 52% going bereft of any form of formal learning whatsoever for more than a year now! And among these 48%, the girl-students are having a worse fate in the poorer families due to limited digital devices to which the sons have a higher access than the daughters.

Conclusion:

India has been speaking of digital education for long but it has stayed on as a possibility and not a reality for more than a decade now. Even IITs and IIMs have used digital platforms on the side for sharing of content and debating on issues sporadically. The larger mass of 1300 plus universities and some 44,000 colleges have actually not digitized their content, not made access to online learning mainstay of their teaching-learning process, except the distance learning universities. In fact, the old school educationists looked at online and distance education with some disdain all across South Asia. They are in for a major shock now. The digital divide needs fast bridging through the promise of 6% of the GDP for public education, through 2% of profits for CSR given here, and through civil society initiatives like getting smart-phones, laptops and tabs for the less privileged.

It is clear that going ahead digital access will be a human right, and those in governance must wake up to the reality that youngsters need in expensive tablets and easy data access. A nation that spends less than 3% of national budget for public education (lower than Tanzania, Angola and Ghana, et al), with the states putting in 2.5 (Bihar) to 26% (Delhi), with Delhi being the only state in double digits, cannot ensure digital education for the masses, unless allocation of funds and their transparent spending happen.

 ----------

Prof. Ujjwal Anu Chowdhury

The author is Vice President, Washington University of Science and Technology and Editorial Mentor, edInbox.com

The last two years have clearly shown that technology-aided remote schooling is neither fully possible nor completely desirable. 

Lest we forget that India is a nation of more than one-third of the population in the 15 to 25 years age-bracket, the most promising period of life when one decides career path, subjects for learning, types of work to do, and becomes self-dependent in the process.