Environmental DNA Is the Next Big Thing in Indian Forensics

Environmental DNA (eDNA) is fast becoming a major contributor to the field of forensic science and learning about it is essential for Indian aspiring forensic scientists to remain competitive. The role of eDNA in modern forensics and the role of forensic ecology in solving crimes has evolved to be a vital part of any forensic investigation. This is why forensic science students must be familiar with this topic because it mixes biology, ecology and technical advances.

What is Environmental DNA?

The term environmental DNA is used for very small genetic materials that drop from organisms and end up in water, the soil, air, dust or random environmental samples. The traces include skin, hair, mucus, feces, pollen or microbes. Instead of coming into contact with a spill, scientists can use eDNA to look for and determine the types of organisms through an environmental survey.

Why is eDNA Significant for Forensic Science?

Usually, forensic science uses DNA found in blood, saliva or hair that is on the suspect or victim. Still, eDNA introduces new ways for investigators to study wildlife and their habitat.

• Correlate suspects or objects with crime scenes using special features in the environment
• Try to identify where the soil or dust found on shoes or vehicles came from.
• By checking environmental clues, it helps  in the investigation of wildlife crime.
• Assist in figuring out how long the body was exposed to natural decomposition by studying the microorganisms that took part

For these reasons, eDNA plays an important role in forensic ecology, helping researchers understand the ways organisms influence crime scenes.

The Process of eDNA Forensics

Suppose that the soil on a suspect’s shoe has DNA from plants and microorganisms grouped together in a certain forest or area. If the crime scene’s environment matches the DNA found in the samples, it can prove that the suspect must have been there.

Furthermore, eDNA in airborne debris on clothing or vehicles may indicate where a suspect or object has been. Tests conducted at labs of MIT and Zurich University prove that this technique could bring improvements to forensic practices.

eDNA or environmental DNA, is now crucial for solving crimes in India’s wildlife.

The country encounters numerous problems related to wildlife crime, including illegal poaching and trade of animal body parts. The Centre for Wildlife Forensic Sciences in Tamil Nadu spotlights how these two approaches can be applied to stopping these crimes. Forensic scientists look at DNA found in hair, bones, skin or scat to identify species related to unlawful activities and help police.

This scientific strategy together with traditional morphology supports developing a genetic database for correct identification of species. Forensic ecology is necessary to safeguard the rich diversity of India’s wildlife and enforce relevant protective laws.

eDNA Forensics in India

There are lots of promises in using eDNA in forensics, though there are still a few things to solve:

1. For test results to be reliable and accepted by courts, methods for sampling and analysis need to be standard.
2. Identifying plants, microbes and animals in India needs good DNA databases to be effective.
3. Teaching forensic officials about molecules and ecology will increase the benefits provided by eDNA for investigation.

Despite the problems in this area, there is a good chance for Indian aspiring forensic scientists to advance this multidisciplinary field by using environmental DNA with typical forensic approaches.

Forensic Science Aspirants Should Consider eDNA

The area of forensics is advancing faster than predicted, with environmental DNA leading the way. A strong background in eDNA forensics and forensic ecology can benefit individuals preparing for careers in forensic science.

• Move ahead of only analyzing DNA and learn more about other analyzable molecules.
• Allow people to pursue specific careers in investigating wildlife crime and environmental crimes
• Aid in your ability to function as a respected member of various forensic teams.
• Maintain your understanding of new advancements in forensics worldwide

Overall, using Environmental DNA is set to transform the future of Forensics. Environmental DNA allows forensic science to use the environment to detect, link and analyze various forms of evidence. Learning and mastering the field of eDNA forensics and forensic ecology is vital for Indian forensics students who wish to deal with crimes connected to humans, wildlife and nature. Building a career in this by being a master of eDNA shall allow you to support a fair and scientific justice system that respects the environment in India. 

Note: If you are skeptical about your forensic science career path, feel free to contact us and have a free career consultation at edinbox.