From Two Board Exams to Skill-Based Learning: CBSE's Big Shift

Tired of the same old rigid study grind? Well, CBSE’s new reforms might just be the strategic shift schools and students have been waiting for. Starting in the 2025-26 academic session, the Central Board of Secondary Education is rolling out a series of comprehensive changes aimed at making education more dynamic, relevant, and—dare I say—future-proof.

Let’s get straight to the point: Class 10 students will now have the option of two board exam windows—one in February, the other in April or May. Students can appear for both or select just one, and CBSE will consider the higher score. This dual-attempt model isn’t just about flexibility; it’s a calculated move to reduce pressure and encourage true engagement throughout the year. Both exams cover the full syllabus, so consistent performance is still key.

Exam patterns are getting a significant overhaul too. Roughly half of all questions will now focus on application, case studies, and multiple-choice formats. The objective is clear: shift from rote memorization to competency-driven learning. This aligns with global best practices and modern workforce demands.

Internal assessments are stepping into the spotlight, now accounting for about 40% of the final grade. Projects, assignments, and periodic tests will all play a crucial role in a student’s overall performance. The old model of last-minute cramming is officially outdated. Students need to demonstrate sustained effort and deliver over time.

Subject selection is expanding, and the traditional marks system is being replaced by percentile-based evaluation—an effort to enhance fairness and accuracy. Skill-based subjects such as IT, AI, and Retail are now mandatory in Classes 9 and 10, and can even compensate for a failed core subject if necessary. This is a strategic alignment with the National Education Policy’s vision of practical, career-oriented learning. Classes 11 and 12 will see even more electives, including Electronics, Design Thinking, and Physical Education. Students are no longer boxed into rigid streams—they can tailor their academic portfolios in line with their career aspirations.

Assessment protocols are also evolving. Starting in 2025-26, Class 12 Accountancy students will be allowed to use basic calculators, shifting the focus from manual calculation to conceptual mastery. For Classes 6-9, diagnostic assessments like SAFAL and KSA will help identify and address learning gaps early, supporting a more personalized educational experience.

Transparency and accountability are also top priorities. Students can now request photocopies of answer sheets before seeking re-evaluation—a move towards greater fairness. Missed an exam in Class 12? Supplementary exams in July mean students won’t lose a full year over a single setback.

Attendance and participation are no longer optional. Schools are expected to enforce a 75% minimum attendance policy, and creative, cultural projects—such as those under the ‘Ek Bharat, Shreshtha Bharat’ initiative—are now integrated into internal assessments from Class 1 onwards.

In summary, CBSE’s new reforms represent a clear pivot toward a more flexible, holistic, and skills-driven educational environment. If implemented effectively, these changes could redefine the student experience, making Indian education more competitive and relevant on a global stage.

By Jishnu Mukherjee