AICLET

In India, Law aspirants favor National Law Universities (NLUs). When a student is thinking of studying at an NLU, one should know the advantages as well as the possible obstacles of studying there. Here are the key advantages and disadvantages of attending an NLU that will allow students to make a better choice regarding law education.

Pros of Studying in NLU

Quality Legal Education

NLUs have one of the best law programs in India, experienced faculty, a good curriculum and prescribed teaching methods. It focuses on both theory and practical skills in order to provide a good grounding in law.

Great Placement Opportunity.

NLUs are well-linked with the leading law firms, corporate houses, government legal departments, and NGOs. Good placement support is offered by many NLUs allowing students to get internship opportunities and employment offers in reputed organisations.

Infrastructure and Resources.

Most NLUs have modern libraries, moot court halls, and access to legal databases. These resources support students in their studies and research work.

Diverse Peer Group

Entry into NLUs is very competitive and it relies on the Common Law Admission Test (CLAT). Students all around India have an opportunity to study in one place, this creates a diverse student community and adds to the learning experiences.

Focus on Practical Learning

NLUs give a lot of importance to activities like moot court competitions, internships, and workshops. These help students gain real-world experience and prepare them well for their future legal work.

Cons of Studying in NLU

High Competition and Pressure.

Admission in NLU is very difficult. Students may be subjected to stress by the competition. Also, coursework may be strenuous.

Low Curriculum Flexibility.

The curriculum at NLUs is quite structured, which means there are fewer options to choose electives or explore subjects outside law. This might limit students who want to study other areas alongside law

Relocation and Adjustment

There are numerous NLUs in small towns or cities. Students might experience difficulty adjusting in new locations particularly beyond their homes and large urban centres.

Differences in Quality Among NLUs.

Faculty, infrastructure and placement vary significantly across different NLUs. The quality of resources and opportunities available to some NLUs might not be as good as in the best ones, which will influence the overall experience.

Fee Structure

Though generally more affordable than private colleges, some NLUs may still have fees that could be a concern for students from less privileged backgrounds.

There are numerous positive points in studying in an NLU, such as high-quality education, good internship opportunities, and placement opportunities, whereas there are also such negative aspects as intense competition and the problem of adjustment. These benefits and drawbacks must be well considered by students according to their individual preferences and career objectives in order to decide the most appropriate way to study law.

The Tamil Nadu Medical Council (TNMC) on Monday reported to the Madras High Court that circulars have been issued to all registered medical practitioners stating that conducting conversion therapy and unethical treatment of trans people would lead to stringent action involving suspension of the registration of medical practitioners. It also stated that these problems would be introduced into the ambit of continuing medical education (CME) in order to sensitize the doctors.

The submission was before Justice N Anand Venkatesh when the petitions dealing with LGBTQIA+ matters were taken up for hearing.

The legal counsel representing the TNMC stated that the circulars had been issued on September 12, 2025, informing that the TNMC is vested with power to initiate disciplinary proceedings on any complaint received regarding any attempt/interventions to alter the sexual orientation and/or gender identity of an individual, which is also known as 'conversion therapy', which shall be interpreted as 'professional misconduct' on the part of the medical professionals and suitable action shall be initiated in accordance with the prevailing rules.

Any type of so-called conversion therapy or coercive medical/psychological practice for changing the sexual orientation, gender identity, gender expression or sex characteristics of an individual is strictly prohibited by the circulars. This is deemed to be unethical and could attract disciplinary action under TNMC rules.

All clinicians are bound by a professional and ethical obligation to deliver healthcare on an non-discriminatory basis in terms of gender identity, gender expression or intersex status. Dignified, respectful and inclusive care must be guaranteed at all phases of medical interaction, it added.

Declaring that its ethics committee will consider complaints of misbehaviour or discriminatory attitude against transgender and intersex individuals as high-priority disciplinary cases, the council instructed all registered medical practitioners to hold themselves to these guidelines in letter and spirit and failure to do so would be taken seriously and may invite disciplinary action including suspension of registration.

Chief Minister's Instruction on Teacher Eligibility Test

On Tuesday, Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister Yogi Adityanath directed the Basic Education Department to move a review petition before the Supreme Court's order making the Teacher Eligibility Test (TET) compulsory for existing teachers. He stressed that the state teachers are trained and experienced and have been regularly trained by the government, and therefore it was not right to ignore their experience and years of service.

The Chief Minister's office posted on social media that Yogi Adityanath has ordered the department to appeal the order of the Supreme Court that the TET requirement should be applied to existing teachers. He reaffirmed that the teachers of the state are experienced professionals who had been trained from time to time by the government, and their qualifications and tenure should not be overlooked.

Over the last five days, two teachers in Uttar Pradesh, aged between their forties and fifties, ended their lives under tragic circumstances. Sources indicate they were under pressure to pass the TET and that they could not handle it. Their kin state that the anxiety of preparing for the TET was the reason behind their misery.

On September 1, 2025, a bench led by Justice Dipankar Dutta and Justice Augustine George Masih held that all government school teachers with over five years' experience have to clear the TET, or else they have to resign or be compulsorily retired. The ruling was given in the context of teacher appointment cases heard in Tamil Nadu and Maharashtra but has countrywide implications and will affect almost a million teachers, with some 200,000 in Uttar Pradesh alone.

In an attempt to bring an end to suicides among students in the country's universities, the Supreme Court on Monday asked the UGC to keep in mind — within two months — while preparing the draft mechanism to effectively deal with ragging, sexual harassment, and caste, gender, disability, and other forms of discrimination.

A two-judge bench of the Supreme Court presided over by Justice Surya Kant and Justice Joymalya Bagchi was listening to a bunch of PILs brought by Rohit Vemula's mother Radhika Vemula and A Salim Tadvi, mother of Payal Tadvi, against caste-based discrimination in institutions of higher learning.

The Supreme Court on Monday ordered the University Grants Commission (UGC) to take into consideration the recommendations and opinions of Vemula and Tadvi students' mothers, who were alleged to have taken their own lives after being harassed on the basis of their caste in their respective campuses.

It is worth noting that Vemula, a PhD student at Hyderabad Central University, died on 17th January 2016 and Tadvi, an exam student at TN Topiwala National Medical College, died on 22nd May 2019 following alleged discrimination by three doctors at her college.

The Centre's Solicitor General Tushar Mehta, who appeared for the Centre, cleared to the court on Monday that the draft rules had been circulated and an expert committee had scrutinized more than 300 objections received.

Mehta's arguments were noted by the bench since the law officer contended that a lot of effective provisions regarding measures to counter ragging and other aspects such as caste prejudices were elaborated.

"These are exclusion of discriminatory behavior, provisions of non-segregation such as exclusion to institutions of higher learning to allocate hostels, classrooms or batches of practice/laboratory based on the rank of admission or performance in academics, and exclusion from public display of merit lists or segregation based on the rank on the campus, and excluding rank-based buddy systems for academic support, which have a tendency to marginalize students from disadvantaged groups," he added further.

In earlier April, the apex court had exempted the UGC to issue the draft regulations 2025, which address ragging, sexual harassment, and caste, gender, disability, among other prejudices in institutions of higher learning.

In PIL on caste discrimination in higher educational institutions, the Supreme Court had previously requested UGC to provide details regarding the number of Central, state, deemed, and private universities and higher educational institutions that have established Equal Opportunity Cells and complaints received under UGC (Promotion of Equity in Higher Educational Institutions) Regulations, 2012, and action taken reports.

The petitioners had approached the top court to prevent caste discrimination in universities and higher educational institutions.

The plea made by mothers of Vemula and Tadvi had sought apt directions from the top court to initiate effective steps to prevent caste discrimination in varsities and higher educational institutions.

The petition also requested that orders be issued to each university and higher learning institution to put on their website all the steps for the eradication of caste discrimination and procedure.

The petition claimed that there have been instances of discrimination based on caste some times. It also said in their appeal that immediate orders and instructions be issued not to practice caste-based discrimination in universities and institutes of higher learning.

On Tuesday, the supreme court dismissed a petition seeking restoration of lord vishnu’s idol  at  Javari Temple, which is the part of UNESCO Khajuraho complex in MP. Rakesh Dalal, a hindu devotee filed the petition   asking the court to direct the authorities to either restore or re-install the 7-foot beheaded idol of Lord Vishnu which was allegedly defaced during the time of invasions.  

During the hearing of this case, the bench comprising CJI B.R. Gavai and Justice K Vinod Chandran heard the petitioner’s argument of repeated requests to the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) and how the central government had yielded no action. The ASI’s official response stated that while the conservation of Khajuraho temples is their responsibility, replacing a historic idol with a new one is not permitted under current archaeological rules.

Refusing to entertain the matter further, the CJI B.R. Gavai termed the petition to be a 'Publicity Interest Litigation'.  In the words of CJI, "This is purely publicity interest litigation…. Go and ask the deity himself to do something. You are saying that you are a staunch devotee of Lord Vishnu,so go and pray now."

"It's an archaeological find; it’s the ASI to determine whether such a thing is to be done or not…” the CJI highlighted. “In the meantime, if you are not averse to Shaivism, you can go and worship there - there is a very big linga of Shiva, one of the biggest in Khajuraho,” he added. 

Concisely, the supreme court suggested that devotees are free to pray at the site and even at other prominent idols at Khajuraho, such as its renowned Shiva linga. The request was dismissed and the court emphasised that such a decision of restoring or reconstructing archaeological findings lies under the jurisdiction of the archaeological board and not the court. 

While covering this news, edinbox found that the words of CJI Gavai are being interpreted negatively due to the boldness of his sentence, however, many real devotees including ISKCON members who understand the theological concept of advait, vishnu, and idol worship are not taking offense yet, especially after the recent movie ‘Mahavatar Narsimha; conveyed the deep message of Vishnu Worship and devotion. 

This vishnu idol restoration case is said to highlight the harmony that courts and conservation authorities maintain between the respect of faith and the protection of historical heritage of India. Restoration or reconstruction of ancient idols in protected sites requires the approval of the ASI and must comply with international conservation standards. The Supreme Court made it clear that issues involving the repair or installation of archaeological finds should be handled by experts, not through judicial orders. 

For devotees and visitors, worship at Khajuraho’s UNESCO-recognised temples remains open. The ruling highlights how significant is the need to adhere to the right channels of heritage management while also acknowledging religious sentiments. 

V. Sivankutty, the education minister of Kerala on Monday informed that the state government would approach court against the Supreme Court ruling making the Teachers' Eligibility Test (TET) compulsory for all in-service teachers of Classes 1 to 8 in non-minority schools.

The Supreme Court, on September 1, 2025, in its judgment, said that teachers who had been appointed before the RTE Act, 2009, came into force would also need to clear the TET to continue in service and be eligible for promotions.

According to Minister Sivankutty, this order can influence nearly 50,000 teachers in Kerala. He stated, "The order will make appointments and promotions difficult for most of the teachers. The associations of teachers have raised concerns, arguing that retrospective implementation of TET is unfair to veteran teachers."

Sivankutty explained that since education is a Concurrent List topic of the Indian Constitution, the central acts override. The Kerala government has decided to approach the Supreme Court again either by petitioning for review or seeking clarification regarding the implementation of the order.

Teachers with less than five years of service remaining can be permitted to continue until retirement but would not be eligible for promotion without clearing the TET. Teachers with service exceeding five years have a period of two years within which they must clear the TET. Failure in this will result in compulsory retirement but terminal benefits shall be provided.
The order draws its legitimacy from the Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act, 2009, and its 2017 amendment, as well as from the 2010 National Council for Teacher Education (NCTE) notification which prescribes standard norms of teachers' qualifications.

While acknowledging that the verdict would appear severe on teachers who have spent their entire career for many decades, the top court upheld that the enforcement of minimum qualifications is unavoidable in order to ensure quality education. Minister Sivankutty added further, "The judgment will have far-reaching implications across the country, impacting lakhs of teachers working in government, aided, and private schools."

Sivankutty further claimed that whenever the qualifications of teachers were revised in Kerala, for example, those of the primary and language teachers, existing staff were given safeguard. He criticized both the Congress-led United Progressive Alliance (UPA) and Bharatiya Janata Party-led National Democratic Alliance (NDA) governments for failing to do the same when they enforced TET norms.