Global Education News | Stay Informed with Edinbox

As the Cambridge Dictionary explained, Parasocial is the Word of the Year 2025. The year saw an interest in one-sided parasocial relationships that humans develop with celebrities, influencers, and AI chatbots.

For 2025, Cambridge Dictionary has chosen "parasocial" as the Word of the Year. The one-way emotional connections of the audience to public personalities such as celebrities, influencers, and even AI chatbots defined much of the global conversation.

Unrequited Love Relationships That Define the Year

The rise of long, confessional podcasts deepened these bonds. Listeners described the hosts as "friends", though the connection flowed only one way.

Some artists, like Lily Allen, put parasocial interest into their albums, while streamers like IShowSpeed called out obsessive fan behavior directly.

It soon went beyond human interactions. Many started treating AI chatbots as a confidant.

Tools like ChatGPT were approached for comfort, emotional reassurance, and companionship-a pattern that psychologists say carries risks, particularly for younger users.

A Concept Tracing Back to 1956

The term "parasocial" is not new; it was coined by sociologists Donald Horton and Richard Wohl in 1956 to identify the way television viewers developed intimate relationships with on-screen personalities.

As actors came right into people's homes by way of television, audiences began thinking of them almost like family or close relatives.

Why Cambridge chose 'parasocial'

Colin McIntosh, at Cambridge Dictionary, said that the word "captures the 2025 zeitgeist." The year's spikes in searches reflected growing curiosity.

The technological and cultural changes brought what had been an academic term into everyday speech.

Some of those connections are harmless, she said. Others become intense and unhealthy. The Language That Grew Around It In 2025, Cambridge Dictionary added more than 6,000 new words-many linked to online culture and AI. Words like "slop", "skibidi", "delulu", and "tradwife" have been included in the dictionary, as well as such newer entries as "glazing", "bias", "vibey", "breathwork", and "doom spending". According to editors, new words show how fast the language is changing and how deeply digital life is shaping the way people think and speak nowadays.

'A headscarf on an 11-year-old girl is and remains a sign of oppression,' Plakolm said. 'Girls develop feelings of shame, they get a distorted body image, an unstable sense of self-worth.'

The draft law, which is set to be debated in parliament soon, is to apply from the 2026/2027 school year, the minister added.

The prospect of the ban was first floated in 2019, but Plakolm stressed that the situation today is 'completely different' as the number of Muslim girls under the age of 14 has jumped from 3,000 to 12,000.

The ban is set to apply across all schools, both public and private, and covers classrooms, playgrounds, gymnasiums and school sports fields. It does not, however, apply to third-party school events.

According to local media, the ban will be implemented in two stages.

The process will be preceded by an awareness phase which is due to begin in February 2026, where schools, parents and children will be fully briefed on the new rules.

If they still do not follow the ban, there will be a second meeting with the relevant District School Authority.

However, further violations could see the local youth welfare agency becoming involved, and in extreme cases, parents can face fines of between £130 to £700, or face up to two weeks in prison.

The initial draft of the ban included fines of up to £880.

During a cabinet meeting in September, when asked why pupils can wear a cross but not a headscarf, Plakolm argued the headscarf is a 'symbol of oppression.'

She said the state's duty is to ensure girls grow up free to make their own choices, stressing that schools must be safe spaces for development where nothing should hinder that.

'Girls should be able to grow up freely, visibly, and self-confidently in our country,' she wrote in a post on X at the time.

'That is why we have decided to ban the children's headscarf. It will be accompanied by a package of measures for raising awareness among parents, empowerment for girls, and consistent work with boys,' she added.

Leichtfried added that although the debate surrounding the headscarf ban for children is 'complex', it allows the government to carry out a key objective of 'protecting children and young people as much as possible from external pressures or assigned roles'.

He claimed that external dress codes could 'severely impair the development of girls'.

Yannick Shetty, an NEOS parliamentary group leader, added: 'I don't want an 11-year-old to have to worry for even a second about whether her hair is properly covered.'

The Islamic Religious Community in Austria (IGGO) criticised the initial decision, noting that all efforts beforehand to work towards a constitutional solution were ignored.

'Headscarf ban is symbolic politics at the expense of children and democracy,' it said in a statement in September.

Austria's top court struck down a previous attempt to ban headscarves in schools in 2019, saying it violated constitutional legislation on religious freedom.

But members of the current government, a coalition of the OVP, the Social Democratic Party of Austria and the liberal NEOS party, are confident that the ban will be upheld this time around.

'For us, the right of parents to religiously educate their children ends where girls are oppressed and self-determined upbringing is not possible,' Plakolm said. 'We protect girls, not moral standards. We protect their right to childhood. We protect their freedom to be visible without shame. 'To achieve this, we are creating clear, fair, and well-founded rules. Every girl in Austria should grow up free, visible, and self-determined. And that is precisely what we are taking an important step towards today'.

Chief minister Yogi Adityanath said on Friday that education remains the most important of all priorities worldwide and meaningful dialogue at the level of nations must be revived to respond to the biggest challenges confronting the world.

"The real problem confronting the world is that we no longer talk to each other. This conference is an important platform to revive dialogue," he said while speaking at the inaugural session of the 26th International Conference of Chief Justices of the World (ICCJW) at City Montessori School, Kanpur Road campus, where 52 chief justices, former presidents, former prime ministers, speakers of parliaments and eminent jurists from across 52 countries are participating.

Terming India a civilization that has always embraced global harmony, Adityanath said: “India has, for thousands of years, viewed the entire world as one family. There is no faith, sect or tradition in the world that India has not protected or nurtured.”

While the basic principles spelt out at the time of the UN’s formation remain relevant, the CM stressed that the world must now widen its focus to include contemporary challenges such as cybersecurity, environmental protection, and global terrorism.

He said the world, with the emerging technologies throwing up unparalleled challenges, requires a fairer, more inclusive, and responsive global system.

"While emerging technologies are making life easier, they also bring in unprecedented challenges like cybercrime, data theft and many other new problems. At such a time, justice and morality can play a vital role in shaping global peace and human civilisation. We should reconsider the UN's declaration 80 years ago: that the world needs a more just, inclusive and responsive global system. Eighty years on, this declaration remains relevant today," said the CM.

“We must not remain confined to old issues. The threats we face today — from data theft to climate challenges and terrorism — demand collective preparedness,” he added.

Adityanath pressed on the urgent need to strengthen the cyber law frameworks against rising incidents of data theft, cyber fraud, and the misuse of identity. He highlighted that global cooperation in international law and digital ethics is very important to ensure that technology serves humanity, preserving fairness, privacy, and equality even in a world ruled by algorithms.

He called on the world’s leaders in judiciaries to take justice and morality as guiding forces for tackling these emerging challenges: protecting the shared values of civilisation amid rapid digital change.

The CM warned that crises occurring in one region can rapidly spread to others. “If there is a fire in someone else’s house and we sleep peacefully thinking it won’t affect us, the flames may reach our homes the next day. Covid 19 has shown how interconnected humanity is.”

The CM elaborated, "We must ensure that children are not burdened or stressed by heavy school bags. More than 2.5 billion children around the world have a right to quality education." Welcoming the global jurists to Uttar Pradesh, he reiterated, “As the country’s largest state, we are honoured by your presence. May this conference strengthen international dialogue and the shared vision of a harmonious world.” Adityanath paid glowing tribute to CMS founder, late Jagdish Gandhi, for starting a platform that brings greater understanding among people of the world. Other prominent speakers present on the occasion included CMS founder-director Bharti Gandhi, manager Geeta Kingdon and principal of CMS Rajajipuram Abha Anant.

The long-awaited cybersecurity legislation introduced this week threatens companies with daily fines of up to 10% of global revenues if they fail to meet the country's standards of cyber resilience. In an age in which a single breach can knock hospitals, airports, or public services off the map, the UK has elected to use the stick rather than the carrot. Critics will say the penalties are draconian; supporters argue that nothing less than shock therapy will make companies take their digital hygiene seriously.

Even older laws are re-emerging as political tools. The Cybersecurity Information Sharing Act of 2015—quietly expired on the same day Washington shut down—may soon return, fortified by new funding tied to reopening the federal government. Its revival would underscore the increasing realization that information-sharing between corporations and the government is not a luxury; it's the backbone of national deterrence.

The Pentagon has rewritten its own rules. The Cybersecurity Maturity Model Certification rule, years in debate, is now in force. It requires every defense contractor to meet exacting security standards before a single contract can be signed or renewed. The burden has shifted from trust to verification For years, the presumption guiding the defense supply chain had been that good contractors act responsibly. But following breach after devastating breach, the Department of Defense has conceded what should have been obvious: a chain is no stronger than its weakest digital link. All these put together sketch a world where cybersecurity is no longer purely a technological issue but the frontline of national identity and global influence. It places governments not just as guardians, but as active combatants in a borderless digital battlefield that pauses for no election and respects no laws other than its own ruthless logic. The emerging politics of cybersecurity is defined less by ideology than necessity.

In what can only be described as a life-changing journey, 25 meritorious students from Pune's Zila Parishad or district council schools are flying to the United States for a 10-day educational tour, rewriting what rural aspiration looks like in India. For children who started their journeys inside modest classrooms at village schools, this visit to NASA and other global science centers marks a monumental leap-not just for them but for the future of rural education.

The initiative is a tailored joint effort of the Pune Zilla Parishad and IUCAA to help keep scientific curiosity alive by giving hands-on exposure to students in the worlds of space research, innovation, and technology. The three-week packed itinerary will have them touring Washington D.C., Orlando, and Los Angeles to interact with NASA scientists, visit leading science museums and institutions, and even meet India’s Ambassador to the United States.

For many of these students, this is not a journey but an experience in itself-first flying, then going abroad for the first time, and seeing with one's own eyes the magnitude of advancement science has achieved in many parts of the world. Before they set off, the team visited ISRO, the IUCAA campus, and even the Parliament House in New Delhi-all experiences that have by now elicited much inspiration.

Gajanan Patil, Chief Executive Officer of Pune ZP, which is piloting this program, outlined the vision thus: "The goal is to raise their awareness in science, research, and technology that will help them in their future academic endeavors." His vision reflects a larger shift-one where rural education systems are investing actively in global exposure, confidence-building, and future readiness of government school students. Visiting NASA's research centers is much more than academics for the students; it gives them a view to possibilities they might never have imagined. The difference may just last for 10 days, but will remain for their lifetime.

On November 28, young minds from across Nepal will gather as Prof. Ujjwal K. Chowdhury leads a landmark session entitled "The Aligned Career: Building a Life of Purpose and Passion in the South Asian Context." The event shall focus on the crucial questions every South Asian youth will face on entering the world's most dynamic labor market.The discussion will bring into sharp view the challenges to be overcome and the opportunities that present themselves. 

Will this generation fuel a historic economic rise? Or will it become the casualty of a widening “purpose gap”? This question sits at the heart of The Aligned Career, a landmark report that redefines how young South Asians can navigate careers, expectations and identity in the world’s most complex cultural landscape.

The Two Fires: Passion and Purpose

For decades, the career debate has been framed as a binary—“Follow your passion” versus “Choose stability.” But South Asia’s lived reality exposes the limitations of this oversimplified advice. South Asia, unfortunately, mass-produces the latter.

Theme 1: The STEM Revolutionaries — Science & Technology as Service

This theme highlights one powerful truth: a STEM career isn’t just technical—it's a pathway to purpose, public service, and world-shaping innovation.

Dr. Anandibai Joshi (India):
Her purpose was born from tragedy. At 14, she lost her infant son due to lack of medical care. That pain became her “why.” Pushing through brutal 19th-century patriarchy, she became the first Indian woman to earn a Western medical degree—so future women would never face what she did.

Dr. Firdausi Qadri (Bangladesh):
A champion of “science for nation-building.” She dedicated her life to creating affordable vaccines for cholera and typhoid—diseases that impact millions of children. Battling gender biases, she built a world-class research ecosystem and mentors countless young women scientists.

Dr. Kalpana Chawla (India):
Her curiosity in small-town Haryana became a cosmic mission. As an aerospace engineer and the first woman of Indian origin in space, she pushed the boundaries of human exploration and continues to inspire generations toward aeronautics and space science.

Dr. Swati Mohan (India):
The face behind NASA’s Mars Perseverance landing. Her purpose evolved from engineering mastery to mentorship—guiding young women into STEM and opening pathways she once had to carve alone.

Dr. Gagandeep Kang (India):
A trailblazer of “science in service of public health.” Her pioneering virology work helped develop India’s rotavirus vaccines, saving children’s lives globally. Her purpose: using research to strengthen public health systems.

Neha Narkhede (India):
From co-creating Apache Kafka to co-founding Confluent, her purpose grew from building technology to enabling innovators. Today, she mentors and funds women-led startups, fueling the next wave of global tech disruption.

Dr. Babita Paudel (Nepal):
Her purpose was ignited by a single statistic: only 7.8% of STEM researchers in Nepal were women. She founded a national network to train, fund, and mentor female researchers—committed to transforming Nepal’s scientific landscape.

Jayanti Mala Chapagain (Nepal):
A software engineer driven by accessibility. As the lead developer of the “Nepali Speech Synthesizer,” she empowers visually impaired users with access to news, books, and digital content. Her purpose: making technology a bridge, not a barrier.

Theme 2: The Grassroots Innovators — Purpose Born from Empathy & Personal Pain

These leaders did not discover their purpose in classrooms or corporate boardrooms. Their “why” emerged from lived struggle, everyday injustice, and a deep empathy for their communities.

Arunachalam Muruganantham (‘Pad Man’, India):
His purpose began with a simple question rooted in love: Why is my wife using old rags during her periods? Shocked by the high cost of sanitary pads, he set out to build a low-cost alternative—only to face unimaginable stigma. His wife and mother left, the village called him “insane,” and he was ostracised. Yet he kept going. When he finally succeeded, he refused multimillion-dollar corporate offers and chose instead to sell his machines exclusively to women’s self-help groups—turning innovation into dignity, livelihood, and social change.

Anju Thapa (Nepal):
Like Muruganantham, her purpose emerged from pain. Using old rags during her first period led to an infection that made her allergic to commercial pads. That personal suffering became her mission. She quit her banking job, spent two years experimenting, and in 2019 set up her own factory to produce reusable sanitary pads. Today, she runs a thriving enterprise that employs and empowers other women—turning a private struggle into a public solution.

Shahnaaz Ansari (Nepal):
Nepal’s first female Muslim civil engineer, her purpose was shaped by childhood memories of watching her mother stay up all night collecting drinking water during crises. Determined to solve foundational problems, she entered a field where women rarely worked. As a District Road Maintenance Engineer, she confronted another barrier—women from marginalised groups were not hired as labourers. She broke that norm too, creating all-women road maintenance teams and merging technical expertise with a courageous mission: engineering pathways to women’s empowerment.

Theme 3: The Non-Traditional Changemakers — Purpose in Storytelling, Society & Justice

These leaders demolish the myth that only STEM or “safe” careers create real impact. Their lives prove that humanities, arts, and social sciences can transform nations, uplift communities, and rewrite systems of justice.

Kailash Satyarthi (India):
The ultimate rebel against the “safe career” script. Trained as an electrical engineer, he walked away from a promising future after witnessing children trapped in bonded labour. His empathy became a movement—Bachpan Bachao Andolan—which has rescued more than 130,000 children from slavery and trafficking. His non-traditional path, once dismissed as impractical, earned him the Nobel Peace Prize.

Muhammad Yunus (Bangladesh):
The economist who rewrote the rules of economics. His purpose was simple yet revolutionary: use finance to uplift, not exploit. By founding Grameen Bank and pioneering microcredit, he enabled millions of poor women to become financially independent. His idea created a global development model—and won him the Nobel Peace Prize.

Rakonda Sai Teja (India):
He chose architecture over mainstream engineering, honouring an early passion for art and heritage. His purpose lies in preserving South India’s architectural traditions, and his award-winning thesis on the Chettinad Cultural Heritage Centre stands as a testament to the power of culturally rooted design.

Bipana Dhakal (Nepal):
Her “why” comes straight from lived experience—growing up in a rural, marginalised community. She founded The Learning Fortress, a grassroots organisation providing non-formal education, soft-skills training, and creative learning spaces for children who are unable to attend school. Her path shows how community-driven education can transform futures.

Bhadai Tharu (Nepal):
A leader whose purpose was born from tragedy. After losing sight in one eye in a tiger attack, he did not choose revenge—he chose understanding. Realising the deeper truth of human–animal coexistence, he became a conservationist and anti-poaching leader. As he famously says: “The tiger attacked me because I went into its home. Otherwise, it never attacks humans.” His journey reflects one of the most profound transformations—turning personal loss into compassionate activism.

The South Asian Battleground

In this region, a career is rarely a personal choice. It is a family strategy, a cultural legacy and a social announcement. The famed “Trinity” of safe careers—medicine, engineering, and law/finance—remains a powerful force. 

From Pressure to Purpose: A Psychological Pivot

Drawing from Self-Determination Theory, the report uncovers why so many young people feel “stuck” despite academic success. When autonomy, competence and relatedness are suppressed, motivation collapses. This is not a personal failing but a systemic design flaw.

The report provides a blueprint to reverse this: reclaim autonomy, understand your inner “why,” prototype real-world career ideas, and build a long-term roadmap grounded in both purpose and practicality.

Portraits of Purpose: South Asians Who Defied the Script

To bridge research with reality, The Aligned Career presents vivid portraits of leaders from India, Nepal and Bangladesh. From Dr. Anandibai Joshi’s pioneering medical journey born of tragedy, to Arunachalam Muruganantham’s grassroots engineering revolution, to Muhammad Yunus’s economic imagination that reshaped global poverty interventions—these stories illuminate a crucial truth:

Purpose is not discovered. It is forged—through conflict, empathy, injustice, curiosity or personal pain.

A Practical, Culturally Grounded Blueprint

The report then shifts from insight to action, offering a 4-phase system tailored for South Asian realities:

Discovery – identifying values, strengths, and deep motivations.

Ideation & Prototyping – testing career ideas in low-risk ways.

Execution – building a 10-3-1 roadmap with mentors and concrete milestones.

Practice – implementing the weekly “5-3-1” habit system.

The speech will by and large envelope a powerful “South Asian Reality Toolkit” strategies to navigate financial constraints and respectfully negotiate parental expectations without rupturing family bonds.